Lachar Jatinder, Bajaj Jasmohan S
Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Virginia Commonwealth University and McGuire VA Medical Center, Richmond, Virginia.
Semin Liver Dis. 2016 Sep;36(4):327-330. doi: 10.1055/s-0036-1593881. Epub 2016 Dec 20.
Chronic liver disease with progression to decompensated cirrhosis and its associated complications, including hepatic encephalopathy, spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, and sepsis, is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity. The pathophysiology of decompensated cirrhosis, which is being intensively studied, leads to the development of gut microbiome changes causing dysbiosis. This is likely related to altered bile acid composition, with a subsequent increase in the relative abundance of potentially pathogenic bacteria that contributes to hepatic encephalopathy and leads to their translocation and the development of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis and bacteremia. Treatments for these conditions have been found to target the gut microbiome, which has become a vital area of study in the treatment of cirrhosis.
进展为失代偿期肝硬化及其相关并发症（包括肝性脑病、自发性细菌性腹膜炎和脓毒症）的慢性肝病是死亡和发病的主要原因。目前正在深入研究失代偿期肝硬化的病理生理学，其会导致肠道微生物群变化并引起生态失调。这可能与胆汁酸组成改变有关，随后潜在致病细菌的相对丰度增加，这会导致肝性脑病，并导致细菌移位以及自发性细菌性腹膜炎和菌血症的发生。已发现针对这些病症的治疗方法以肠道微生物群为靶点，肠道微生物群已成为肝硬化治疗中一个至关重要的研究领域。
