Carballal María J, Iglesias David, Darriba Susana, Cao Asunción, Mariño J Carlos, Ramilo Andrea, No Edgar, Villalba Antonio
Centro de Investigacións Mariñas (CIMA), Consellería do Mar, Xunta de Galicia, 36620 Vilanova de Arousa, Spain.
Dis Aquat Organ. 2016 Dec 21;122(2):137-152. doi: 10.3354/dao03070.
A histopathological survey revealed parasites and pathological conditions affecting lagoon cockles Cerastoderma glaucum along the Galician coast; serious pathological threats were not detected because the potentially pathogenic conditions (infections with a Marteilia-like parasite and bucephalid sporocysts, disseminated neoplasia and a condition involving large foci of heavy haemocytic reaction) were rare, while more prevalent parasites had negligible or limited pathogeny. Considering that C. edule and C. glaucum are sympatric in some Galician rias, it is remarkable that C. glaucum was not seriously affected by Marteilia cochillia while C. edule suffered an intense outbreak of this parasite associated with massive mortality. Comparison of the digestive gland between cockle species showed co-occurrence of digestive tubules in different phases, with abundant disintegrated tubules, in the case of C. glaucum, while C. edule showed synchronicity and absence of fully disintegrated tubules; these differences could influence their susceptibility to M. cochillia because the main location of this parasite in common cockles is the epithelia of the digestive gland. Moreover, the observation of histological sections through the digestive gland easily allows differentiating the 2 cockle species.
一项组织病理学调查揭示了加利西亚海岸泻湖鸟蛤（Cerastoderma glaucum）身上的寄生虫和病理状况；未检测到严重的病理威胁，因为潜在致病状况（感染类马尔太虫属寄生虫和布氏孢子囊、弥漫性肿瘤以及涉及大量血细胞重度反应病灶的一种状况）较为罕见，而更常见的寄生虫致病性可忽略不计或有限。鉴于在加利西亚的一些河口湾中，欧洲鸟蛤（C. edule）和泻湖鸟蛤同域分布，值得注意的是，泻湖鸟蛤并未受到马尔太虫（Marteilia cochillia）的严重影响，而欧洲鸟蛤却遭受了这种寄生虫的强烈暴发并伴有大量死亡。对两种鸟蛤消化腺的比较显示，泻湖鸟蛤的消化小管处于不同阶段且同时存在，有大量解体的小管，而欧洲鸟蛤则表现出同步性且没有完全解体的小管；这些差异可能会影响它们对马尔太虫的易感性，因为这种寄生虫在普通鸟蛤中的主要寄生部位是消化腺上皮。此外，通过消化腺的组织切片观察很容易区分这两种鸟蛤。
