Shah Yashesh, Bass Leon, Davison Gareth W, Seigler Nichole, Pollock Jennifer S, Thomas Jeff, Harris Ryan A
1Georgia Prevention Institute, Department of Pediatrics, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 2Sport and Exercise Science Research Institute, Ulster University, Jordanstown, Northern Ireland, UK 3Division of Nephrology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL.
Menopause. 2017 May;24(5):555-562. doi: 10.1097/GME.0000000000000785.
The timing and duration of menopause is important when evaluating the risk for cardiovascular disease in postmenopausal women, likely related in part to nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability. The flow-mediated dilation (FMD) test is a noninvasive assessment of NO bioavailability in humans, and tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) is essential for NO synthesis. A high-fat meal (HFM) has been used to increase lipemia and reduce NO bioavailability. Thus, this study sought to determine if menopausal transition has any impact on the postprandial endothelial function response to a HFM, and evaluate the effect of BH4 on postprandial endothelial function in postmenopausal women and men.
Utilizing a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled design, sex-steroid hormones and FMD were determined in 30 older adults (10 postmenopausal women aged below 3 y [W < 3], 10 postmenopausal women aged above 10 y [W > 10], and 10 men) at baseline and 4 hours after the ingestion of a HFM alone or a HFM with BH4 (HFM + BH4; 5 mg/kg).
Data are presented as mean ± SEM. Independent of treatment, postprandial testosterone was significantly (P < 0.05) decreased in men (-64 ± 11 ng/dL), whereas no changes were observed in W < 3 or W > 10 group. In addition, concentrations of progesterone were higher (P = 0.019) and the testosterone/estradiol ratio was lower (P = 0.026) in all groups after the ingestion of HFM + BH4 compared with the ingestion of HFM alone. Overall, an increase in FMD was observed after the ingestion of HFM + BH4 (Δ1.9% ± 0.6%), whereas no change in FMD was observed after the ingestion of HFM alone (Δ-0.7% ± 0.6%).
Co-ingestion of BH4 with a HFM not only alters the sex-steroid hormone ratio, it improves postprandial FMD after a HFM regardless of postmenopause status or sex.
在评估绝经后女性心血管疾病风险时，绝经的时间和持续时间很重要，这可能部分与一氧化氮（NO）生物利用度有关。血流介导的血管舒张（FMD）试验是对人体NO生物利用度的一种非侵入性评估，四氢生物蝶呤（BH4）是NO合成所必需的。高脂餐（HFM）已被用于增加血脂并降低NO生物利用度。因此，本研究旨在确定绝经过渡是否对餐后内皮功能对高脂餐的反应有任何影响，并评估BH4对绝经后女性和男性餐后内皮功能的影响。
采用随机、双盲、安慰剂对照设计，在30名老年人（10名绝经后3年以下的女性[W＜3]，10名绝经后10年以上的女性[W＞10]，以及10名男性）中，于基线时以及单独摄入高脂餐或高脂餐加BH4（HFM+BH4；5mg/kg）后4小时测定性类固醇激素和FMD。
数据以平均值±标准误表示。与治疗无关，男性餐后睾酮显著降低（P＜0.05）（-64±11ng/dL），而W＜3或W＞10组未观察到变化。此外，与单独摄入高脂餐相比，摄入HFM+BH4后所有组的孕酮浓度更高（P=0.019），睾酮/雌二醇比值更低（P=0.026）。总体而言，摄入HFM+BH4后观察到FMD增加（Δ1.9%±0.6%），而单独摄入高脂餐后FMD未观察到变化（Δ-0.7%±0.6%）。
BH4与高脂餐同时摄入不仅会改变性类固醇激素比例，而且无论绝经状态或性别如何，都会改善高脂餐后的餐后FMD。
