Transoral robotic surgery for the pediatric head and neck surgeries.

Pediatric robotic surgery is a relatively new technology that has been shown to be safe and feasible for a number of pediatric procedures. Our literature analysis was performed using Pubmed database between January 2005 and December 2015, using key words: "robotic," "robotic surgery," "TORS," "pediatric," "children," "head and neck," and "da Vinci". We selected only publications in English. Eight published reports met the selection criteria. We totally found 41 patients, and the age range was between 2 months and 19 years. The cases are 16 only lingual tonsillectomy, nine base of tongue and lingual tonsillectomy, two malignant disease in the oropharynx (high-grade undifferentiated sarcoma and biphasic synovial sarcoma), one tongue base thyroglossal duct cyst, 11 laryngeal cleft cyst, one posterior glottic stenosis, and one congenital true vocal cord paralysis surgeries. One intraoperative complication was reported. No patient needed postoperative tracheotomy. Hospital duration time had a range of 1-16 days. TORS is new for pediatric patients in head and neck areas, and there were few reports. It is becoming increasingly used in head and neck surgeries and those reports above are encouraging for pediatric robotic airway surgeries in otolaryngology in the future.