Jedrzejczyk Dominika, Gendaszewska-Darmach Edyta, Pawlowska Roza, Chworos Arkadiusz
Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland.
J Phys Condens Matter. 2017 Mar 29;29(12):123001. doi: 10.1088/1361-648X/aa5561. Epub 2016 Dec 22.
The rapid development of synthetic biology and nanobiotechnology has led to the construction of various synthetic RNA nanoparticles of different functionalities and potential applications. As they occur naturally, nucleic acids are an attractive construction material for biocompatible nanoscaffold and nanomachine design. In this review, we provide an overview of the types of RNA and nucleic acid's nanoparticle design, with the focus on relevant nanostructures utilized for gene-expression regulation in cellular models. Structural analysis and modeling is addressed along with the tools available for RNA structural prediction. The functionalization of RNA-based nanoparticles leading to prospective applications of such constructs in potential therapies is shown. The route from the nanoparticle design and modeling through synthesis and functionalization to cellular application is also described. For a better understanding of the fate of targeted RNA after delivery, an overview of RNA processing inside the cell is also provided.
合成生物学和纳米生物技术的迅速发展促使了具有不同功能和潜在应用的各种合成RNA纳米颗粒的构建。由于核酸天然存在，它们是用于生物相容性纳米支架和纳米机器设计的有吸引力的构建材料。在本综述中，我们概述了RNA类型和核酸纳米颗粒设计，重点关注用于细胞模型中基因表达调控的相关纳米结构。同时探讨了结构分析和建模以及可用于RNA结构预测的工具。展示了基于RNA的纳米颗粒的功能化，这导致了此类构建体在潜在治疗中的前瞻性应用。还描述了从纳米颗粒设计和建模到合成、功能化再到细胞应用的过程。为了更好地理解递送后靶向RNA的命运，还提供了细胞内RNA加工的概述。
