Bazargan-Hejazi Shahrzad, De Lucia Valory, Pan Deyu, Mojtahedzadeh Mona, Rahmani Elham, Jabori Sinan, Zahmatkesh Golara, Bazargan Mohsen
Department of Psychiatry, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles CA, USA.; Department of Psychiatry, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Subst Abuse. 2016 Dec 19;10:109-116. doi: 10.4137/SART.S39943. eCollection 2016.
Residential treatment for alcoholism is associated with high completion rates for clients, yet there appear to be gender disparities in patient referrals and treatment completion rates. We studied whether (A) gender is associated with differential patient placement to outpatient vs. residential treatment facilities and (B) completion rates differ by gender.
In this cross-sectional study, we analyzed the admission and discharge data from 185 publicly funded substance abuse treatment facilities across Los Angeles County between 2005 and 2010.
Among the 33,745 studied cases, women were referred to residential treatment facilities less frequently than men (75% vs. 66%). The adjusted results derived from logistic regression models confirmed that females were more likely to be referred to outpatient treatment than to residential treatment facilities (odds ratio [OR]: 1.15, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.05-1.26). In addition, we observed that compared to White/Caucasian patients, all other races were associated with more referral to outpatient facilities (ie, less referral to residential facilities), indicating a racial disparity on the top of the observed gender disparity. However, there was no significant link between gender and treatment completion rates (OR: 0.93, 95% CI: 0.86-1.00).
Women seem to have treatment completion rates comparable to men, yet they are less likely to be referred to residential treatment facilities. Hence, there still remains a gender disparity in alcoholic patient referrals. Further studies should delineate which specific therapeutic aspects and programmatic components of women-focused treatments are essential to augment positive treatment outcomes.
酒精成瘾的住院治疗与患者的高完成率相关，但在患者转诊和治疗完成率方面似乎存在性别差异。我们研究了：（A）性别是否与患者在门诊治疗设施和住院治疗设施中的不同安置有关；（B）完成率是否因性别而异。
在这项横断面研究中，我们分析了2005年至2010年洛杉矶县185家公共资助的药物滥用治疗设施的入院和出院数据。
在33745例研究病例中，女性被转诊至住院治疗设施的频率低于男性（75%对66%）。逻辑回归模型得出的校正结果证实，女性比男性更有可能被转诊至门诊治疗而非住院治疗设施（优势比[OR]：1.15，95%置信区间[CI]：1.05 - 1.26）。此外，我们观察到，与白人/高加索患者相比，所有其他种族被转诊至门诊设施的比例更高（即转诊至住院设施的比例更低），这表明在观察到的性别差异之上还存在种族差异。然而，性别与治疗完成率之间没有显著关联（OR：0.93，95% CI：0.86 - 1.00）。
女性的治疗完成率似乎与男性相当，但她们被转诊至住院治疗设施的可能性较小。因此，在酒精成瘾患者转诊方面仍然存在性别差异。进一步的研究应明确以女性为重点的治疗中哪些具体的治疗方面和项目组成部分对于提高积极的治疗结果至关重要。
