Hansen A, Xiang J, Liu Q, Tong M X, Sun Y, Liu X, Chen K, Cameron S, Hanson-Easey S, Han G-S, Weinstein P, Williams C, Bi P
School of Public Health, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
Zoonoses Public Health. 2017 Nov;64(7):527-536. doi: 10.1111/zph.12335. Epub 2016 Dec 23.
Zoonotic diseases transmitted by arthropods and rodents are a major public health concern in China. However, interventions in recent decades have helped lower the incidence of several diseases despite the country's large, frequently mobile population and socio-economic challenges. Increasing globalization, rapid urbanization and a warming climate now add to the complexity of disease control and prevention and could challenge China's capacity to respond to threats of emerging and re-emerging zoonoses. To investigate this notion, face-to-face interviews were conducted with 30 infectious disease experts in four cities in China. The case study diseases under discussion were malaria, dengue fever and haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome, all of which may be influenced by changing meteorological conditions. Data were analysed using standard qualitative techniques. The study participants viewed the current disease prevention and control system favourably and were optimistic about China's capacity to manage climate-sensitive diseases in the future. Several recommendations emerged from the data including the need to improve health literacy in the population regarding the transmission of infectious diseases and raising awareness of the health impacts of climate change amongst policymakers and health professionals. Participants thought that research capacity could be strengthened and human resources issues for front-line staff should be addressed. It was considered important that authorities are well prepared in advance for outbreaks such as dengue fever in populous subtropical areas, and a prompt and coordinated response is required when outbreaks occur. Furthermore, health professionals need to remain skilled in the identification of diseases for which incidence is declining, so that re-emerging or emerging trends can be rapidly identified. Recommendations such as these may be useful in formulating adaptation plans and capacity building for the future control and prevention of climate-sensitive zoonotic diseases in China and neighbouring countries.
节肢动物和啮齿动物传播的人畜共患病是中国主要的公共卫生问题。然而，尽管中国人口众多且流动性大，同时面临社会经济挑战，但近几十年来的干预措施已帮助降低了几种疾病的发病率。如今，日益全球化、快速城市化和气候变暖增加了疾病控制和预防的复杂性，可能对中国应对新出现和再次出现的人畜共患病威胁的能力构成挑战。为了研究这一观点，在中国四个城市对30位传染病专家进行了面对面访谈。讨论的案例研究疾病包括疟疾、登革热和肾综合征出血热，所有这些疾病都可能受到气象条件变化的影响。使用标准定性技术对数据进行了分析。研究参与者对当前的疾病预防和控制系统持积极看法，并对中国未来管理气候敏感疾病的能力持乐观态度。数据得出了一些建议，包括需要提高公众对传染病传播的健康素养，提高政策制定者和卫生专业人员对气候变化健康影响的认识。参与者认为可以加强研究能力，并应解决一线工作人员的人力资源问题。人们认为，当局应提前为人口众多的亚热带地区登革热等疫情做好充分准备，疫情发生时需要迅速做出协调反应。此外，卫生专业人员需要保持对发病率正在下降的疾病的识别技能，以便能够迅速识别再次出现或新出现的趋势。这些建议可能有助于为中国及周边国家未来控制和预防气候敏感人畜共患病制定适应计划和能力建设。
