Child Nutrition Research Centre, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, Australia; School of Psychology, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia.
Child Nutrition Research Centre, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, Australia; Discipline of Paediatrics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia.
J Affect Disord. 2017 Dec 15;224:2-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2016.12.014. Epub 2016 Dec 18.
Postpartum depression (PPD) is the most prevalent mood disorder associated with childbirth. No single cause of PPD has been identified, however the increased risk of nutritional deficiencies incurred through the high nutritional requirements of pregnancy may play a role in the pathology of depressive symptoms. Three nutritional interventions have drawn particular interest as possible non-invasive and cost-effective prevention and/or treatment strategies for PPD; omega-3 (n-3) long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA), vitamin D and overall diet.
We searched for meta-analyses of randomised controlled trials (RCT's) of nutritional interventions during the perinatal period with PPD as an outcome, and checked for any trials published subsequently to the meta-analyses.
Fish oil: Eleven RCT's of prenatal fish oil supplementation RCT's show null and positive effects on PPD symptoms. Vitamin D: no relevant RCT's were identified, however seven observational studies of maternal vitamin D levels with PPD outcomes showed inconsistent associations. Diet: Two Australian RCT's with dietary advice interventions in pregnancy had a positive and null result on PPD.
With the exception of fish oil, few RCT's with nutritional interventions during pregnancy assess PPD.
Further research is needed to determine whether nutritional intervention strategies during pregnancy can protect against symptoms of PPD. Given the prevalence of PPD and ease of administering PPD measures, we recommend future prenatal nutritional RCT's include PPD as an outcome.
产后抑郁症（PPD）是与分娩相关的最常见的情绪障碍。虽然尚未确定 PPD 的单一病因，但怀孕时营养需求增加导致营养缺乏的风险可能与抑郁症状的发病机制有关。有三种营养干预措施特别引起关注，它们可能是 PPD 的非侵入性和具有成本效益的预防和/或治疗策略：ω-3（n-3）长链多不饱和脂肪酸（LCPUFA）、维生素 D 和整体饮食。
我们搜索了围产期营养干预的随机对照试验（RCT）的荟萃分析，以 PPD 为结局，并检查了随后发表的任何试验。
鱼油：11 项产前鱼油补充 RCT 的 RCT 显示对 PPD 症状有无效和阳性影响。维生素 D：未发现相关的 RCT，但七项关于母体维生素 D 水平与 PPD 结局的观察性研究显示出不一致的关联。饮食：两项澳大利亚的 RCT 对妊娠期间的饮食建议干预进行了研究，对 PPD 有积极和无效的结果。
除了鱼油，很少有 RCT 研究了怀孕期间的营养干预措施对 PPD 的影响。
需要进一步研究以确定怀孕期间的营养干预策略是否可以预防 PPD 症状。鉴于 PPD 的患病率和 PPD 措施的易于管理，我们建议未来的产前营养 RCT 将 PPD 作为结局纳入其中。
