Department Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland.
Danone Nutricia Research, 3508 TC Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Nutrients. 2020 Sep 11;12(9):2773. doi: 10.3390/nu12092773.
Omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (-3 FA) status may be associated with mood disorders. Here, we evaluated the potential association between antenatal depression/anxiety and -3/-6 FA in (a) maternal erythrocytes and (b) human milk. In addition, we explored associations between -3/-6 FA in erythrocytes and in human milk and postpartum depression, while controlling for antenatal depression. Twenty-seven pregnant women diagnosed with a current major depressive disorder (MDD; = 9), anxiety disorder (AD; = 10) or a mixed anxiety-depression disorder (MADD; = 8), and 40 healthy controls were included. -3/-6 FA were determined in maternal erythrocytes in gestational week 32 and in human milk in postpartum week 1. In the first week postpartum, the --- was used to assess postpartum depression. Results show that women with M(A)DD had significantly lower erythrocyte levels of total -3 FA, EPA, DHA and DGLA, and significantly higher -6 DPA, and -6:-3, AA:EPA and -6 DPA:DHA ratios compared to healthy controls. No significant associations between antenatal depression or anxiety and -3/-6 FA in human milk were found. After controlling for antenatal mental health, -3/-6 FA in maternal erythrocytes or in human milk were not significantly associated with postpartum depression. In conclusion, antenatal depression, alone or with an anxiety disorder, was associated with lower -3 FA levels and higher -6:-3 FA ratios in maternal erythrocytes during gestation. This study provides some insights into the associations between -3/-6 FA levels during pregnancy and lactation and perinatal mental health.
ω-3 长链多不饱和脂肪酸（-3 FA）状况可能与情绪障碍有关。在这里，我们评估了产前抑郁/焦虑与（a）母体红细胞和（b）人乳中 -3/-6 FA 之间的潜在关联。此外，我们还探讨了红细胞和人乳中 -3/-6 FA 与产后抑郁之间的关联，同时控制了产前抑郁。纳入了 27 名被诊断为当前重度抑郁症（MDD；n=9）、焦虑症（AD；n=10）或混合性焦虑抑郁障碍（MADD；n=8）的孕妇和 40 名健康对照者。在妊娠第 32 周和产后第 1 周测定了 -3/-6 FA 。在产后第一周，使用 EPDS 评估产后抑郁。结果表明，M(A)DD 女性的红细胞总 -3 FA、EPA、DHA 和 DGLA 水平明显较低，而 -6 DPA 和 -6:-3、AA:EPA 和 -6 DPA:DHA 比值明显较高。与健康对照组相比，产前抑郁或焦虑与人乳中的 -3/-6 FA 之间没有显著关联。在控制了产前心理健康后，母亲红细胞或人乳中的 -3/-6 FA 与产后抑郁之间没有显著关联。总之，产前抑郁，无论是单独存在还是与焦虑症并存，都与妊娠期间母体红细胞中的 -3 FA 水平降低和 -6:-3 FA 比值升高有关。本研究为孕期和哺乳期 -3/-6 FA 水平与围产期心理健康之间的关联提供了一些见解。
