McNamara Courtney, Labonté Ronald
1 Department of Sociology and Political Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Dragvoll, Trondheim, Norway.
2 School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada.
Int J Health Serv. 2017 Apr;47(2):277-297. doi: 10.1177/0020731416684325. Epub 2016 Dec 26.
Previous analyses indicate that there are a number of potentially serious health risks associated with the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP). The objective of this work is to provide further insight into the potential health impacts of the TPP by investigating labour market pathways. The impact of the TPP on employment and working conditions is a major point of contention in broader public debates. In public health literature, these factors are considered fundamental determinants of health, yet they are rarely addressed in analyses of trade and investment agreements. We therefore undertake a prospective policy analysis of the TPP through a content analysis of the agreement's Labour Chapter. Provisions of the Chapter are analyzed with reference to the health policy triangle and four main areas through which labour markets influence health: power relations, social policies, employment conditions and working conditions. Findings indicate that implementation of the TPP can have important impacts on health through labour market pathways. While the Labour Chapter is being presented by proponents of the agreement as a vehicle for improvement in labour standards, we find little evidence to support this view. Instead, we find several ways the TPP may weaken employment relations to the detriment of health.
先前的分析表明，跨太平洋伙伴关系协定（TPP）存在一些潜在的严重健康风险。这项工作的目的是通过调查劳动力市场途径，进一步深入了解TPP对健康的潜在影响。TPP对就业和工作条件的影响是更广泛公众辩论中的一个主要争议点。在公共卫生文献中，这些因素被视为健康的基本决定因素，但在贸易和投资协定分析中却很少涉及。因此，我们通过对该协定《劳工章节》的内容分析，对TPP进行前瞻性政策分析。本章条款参照健康政策三角以及劳动力市场影响健康的四个主要领域进行分析：权力关系、社会政策、就业条件和工作条件。研究结果表明，TPP的实施可通过劳动力市场途径对健康产生重要影响。虽然该协定的支持者将《劳工章节》作为提高劳工标准的工具，但我们几乎找不到支持这一观点的证据。相反，我们发现TPP可能通过几种方式削弱雇佣关系，对健康造成损害。
