Iwamoto Jun
Institute for Integrated Sports Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
Clin Calcium. 2017;27(1):17-23.
Physical activity plays an important role in maintaining or enhancing bone health. Jumping exercise increases bone mineral content(BMC)in prepubescent children(premenarcheal girls). Bone mineral density(BMD)is higher in adolescent athletes who are engaged in weight-bearing activities. Jumping exercise, muscle strengthening exercise, and weight-bearing plus muscle strengthening exercises increase BMD in young adults and premenopausal women. Walking, aerobic weight-bearing exercise, muscle strengthening exercise, and weight-bearing plus muscle strengthening exercises maintain or increase BMD in postmenopausal women. Proper exercise and sports activity at each life stage are important strategies for preventing osteoporosis.
体育活动在维持或增强骨骼健康方面发挥着重要作用。跳跃运动可增加青春期前儿童（月经初潮前女孩）的骨矿物质含量（BMC）。从事负重活动的青少年运动员的骨矿物质密度（BMD）更高。跳跃运动、肌肉强化运动以及负重加肌肉强化运动可增加年轻人和绝经前女性的骨密度。步行、有氧负重运动、肌肉强化运动以及负重加肌肉强化运动可维持或增加绝经后女性的骨密度。在每个生命阶段进行适当的运动和体育活动是预防骨质疏松症的重要策略。
