Nicolaides K H, Economides D L, Soothill P W
Harris Birthright Research Centre for Fetal Medicine, King's College Hospital, London, England.
Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1989 Oct;161(4):996-1001. doi: 10.1016/0002-9378(89)90770-9.
The pH, PO2, PCO2, and lactate concentration were measured in umbilical blood samples obtained by cordocentesis from 208 appropriate-for-gestational-age and 196 small-for-gestational-age fetuses at 18 to 38 weeks' gestation. In the appropriate-to-gestational-age fetuses umbilical venous (n = 173) and arterial (n = 35) PO2 and pH decreased, and umbilical venous and arterial PCO2 increased with advancing gestation. Blood lactate concentration did not change. Compared with the appropriate-for-gestational-age fetuses, the small-for-gestational-age fetuses were hypoxemic, hypercapnic, hyperlacticemic, and acidotic. There was mixed respiratory and metabolic acidosis, and the decrease in pH was significantly correlated with both hypercapnia and hyperlacticemia. In the umbilical artery (n = 53) there was a significant linear correlation between the degree of hypoxemia and the degrees of hypercapnia or acidosis. In the umbilical vein (n = 143), the correlations between the degree of hypoxemia and the degrees of hypercapnia, hyperlacticemia, or acidosis were exponential.
在妊娠18至38周时，通过脐静脉穿刺从208例适于胎龄胎儿和196例小于胎龄胎儿获取脐血样本，测量其pH值、氧分压（PO2）、二氧化碳分压（PCO2）和乳酸浓度。在适于胎龄胎儿中，脐静脉（n = 173）和动脉（n = 35）的PO2和pH值随孕周增加而降低，脐静脉和动脉的PCO2随孕周增加而升高。血乳酸浓度无变化。与适于胎龄胎儿相比，小于胎龄胎儿存在低氧血症、高碳酸血症、高乳酸血症和酸中毒。存在混合性呼吸性和代谢性酸中毒，pH值降低与高碳酸血症和高乳酸血症均显著相关。在脐动脉（n = 53）中，低氧血症程度与高碳酸血症或酸中毒程度之间存在显著的线性相关性。在脐静脉（n = 143）中，低氧血症程度与高碳酸血症、高乳酸血症或酸中毒程度之间的相关性呈指数关系。
