美沙酮的肾毒性：一项系统评价
Nephrotoxicity of methadone: a systematic review.
作者信息
Alinejad Samira, Ghaemi Kazem, Abdollahi Mohammad, Mehrpour Omid
机构信息
Medical Toxicology and Drug Abuse Research Center (MTDRC), Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Moallem Avenue, Birjand, 9713643138 Iran.
Atherosclerosis and Coronary Artery Research Centre, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran ; Department of Neurosurgery, Birjand University of Medical Science, Birjand, Iran.
出版信息
Springerplus. 2016 Dec 9;5(1):2087. doi: 10.1186/s40064-016-3757-1. eCollection 2016.
BACKGROUND
Methadone is commonly administered for chronic pain relief and treatment of opioid dependence. Concurrent with its increased consumption, toxicities and fatalities have increased. One of the adverse effects of opioid analgesics, including methadone, is that of nephrotoxicity. Opioids can have an effect on renal function through several different mechanisms.
METHODS
We searched common bibliographical databases for the terms methadone, toxicity, poisoning, kidney, renal, and nephrotoxicity and summarize our findings in this review.
RESULTS
Methadone can have both direct and indirect effects on the kidney. These effects include rhabdomyolysis (leading to acute kidney injury), volumetric changes, renal lipidosis and amyloidosis, kidney growth during pregnancy, and kidney transplant rejection.
CONCLUSION
Improved understanding of the effects of methadone on kidney function can promote safer and more confident use of the drug.
背景
美沙酮常用于缓解慢性疼痛及治疗阿片类药物依赖。随着其使用量的增加，毒性反应和死亡案例也有所上升。包括美沙酮在内的阿片类镇痛药的不良反应之一是肾毒性。阿片类药物可通过多种不同机制影响肾功能。
方法
我们在常见的文献数据库中检索了美沙酮、毒性、中毒、肾脏、肾、肾毒性等术语，并在本综述中总结了研究结果。
结果
美沙酮可对肾脏产生直接和间接影响。这些影响包括横纹肌溶解（导致急性肾损伤）、容量变化、肾脂质沉积和淀粉样变性、孕期肾脏生长以及肾移植排斥反应。
结论
更好地了解美沙酮对肾功能的影响可促进该药物更安全、更放心地使用。
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