Kroshus E, Gillard D, Haarbauer-Krupa J, Goldman R E, Bickham D S
University of Washington, Department of Pediatrics, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Center for Child Health, Behavior and Development, Seattle, WA, USA.
Medical Student, University of California, San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Child Care Health Dev. 2017 Sep;43(5):758-767. doi: 10.1111/cch.12433. Epub 2016 Dec 25.
Concussion education for children early in their participation in organized sport may help shape lasting attitudes about concussion safety. However, existing programming and research focus on older ages.
Qualitative interviews about concussions were conducted with twenty children between the ages of six and eight. Structural, descriptive and pattern coding were used to organize the transcribed interviews and identify emergent themes.
Eighteen of the participants indicated that they had heard of the word concussion, with 12 describing the injury as related to the brain or head. The most frequently described mechanisms of injury were impacts to the head or falls, and symptoms tended to be somatic, such as generalized pain. The most frequently endorsed strategy to avoid sustaining a concussion was to 'follow the rules.' Multiple participants referenced parents as an informal source of information about concussions.
While most participants demonstrated some awareness about concussions, there were clear knowledge gaps that can be addressed with developmentally appropriate concussion education programming. Consistent with their developmental stage, interventions targeted at children in this age range may be most successful if they use basic logic, concrete ideas, provide rules to be followed and engage parents in dissemination.
在儿童早期参与有组织的体育运动时开展脑震荡教育，可能有助于塑造他们对脑震荡安全的持久态度。然而，现有的项目和研究主要集中在较大年龄的儿童。
对20名6至8岁的儿童进行了关于脑震荡的定性访谈。采用结构编码、描述性编码和模式编码来整理转录后的访谈内容，并确定新出现的主题。
18名参与者表示他们听说过“脑震荡”这个词，其中12人将这种损伤描述为与大脑或头部有关。最常被提及的受伤机制是头部受到撞击或摔倒，症状往往是身体上的，如全身疼痛。最常被认可的避免脑震荡的策略是“遵守规则”。多名参与者提到父母是关于脑震荡的非正式信息来源。
虽然大多数参与者对脑震荡有一定的认识，但仍存在明显的知识空白，可通过适合其发育阶段的脑震荡教育项目来解决。与他们的发育阶段相一致，如果针对这个年龄段儿童的干预措施采用基本逻辑、具体概念、提供可遵循的规则并让家长参与传播，可能会最为成功。
