Varela Mónica, Figueras Antonio, Novoa Beatriz
Immunology and Genomics Group, Institute of Marine Research (IIM), National Research Council (CSIC), Eduardo Cabello, 6, 36208, Vigo, Spain.
Immunology and Genomics Group, Institute of Marine Research (IIM), National Research Council (CSIC), Eduardo Cabello, 6, 36208, Vigo, Spain.
Antiviral Res. 2017 Mar;139:59-68. doi: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2016.12.013. Epub 2016 Dec 23.
Zebrafish possess a highly developed immune system that is remarkably similar to the human one. Therefore, it is expected that the majority of the signalling pathways and molecules involved in the immune response of mammals exist and behave similarly in fish. The innate antiviral response depends on the recognition of viral components by host cells. Pattern recognition receptors initiate antimicrobial defence mechanisms via several well-conserved signalling pathways. In this paper, we review current knowledge of the antiviral innate immune response in zebrafish by considering the main molecules that have been characterized and the infection models used for the in vivo study of the antiviral innate immune response. We next summarize published studies in which larval and adult zebrafish were used to study viral diseases of fish, then provide a similar review of studies of human viral diseases in zebrafish and experience with antiviral drug screening in this model organism.
斑马鱼拥有高度发达的免疫系统，与人类免疫系统极为相似。因此，可以预期，参与哺乳动物免疫反应的大多数信号通路和分子在鱼类中也存在且功能相似。先天性抗病毒反应依赖于宿主细胞对病毒成分的识别。模式识别受体通过几条保守的信号通路启动抗菌防御机制。在本文中，我们通过考虑已被鉴定的主要分子以及用于体内研究抗病毒先天性免疫反应的感染模型，综述了斑马鱼抗病毒先天性免疫反应的现有知识。接下来，我们总结了已发表的利用幼体和成体斑马鱼研究鱼类病毒性疾病的研究，然后对斑马鱼中人类病毒性疾病的研究以及在这种模式生物中进行抗病毒药物筛选的经验进行了类似的综述。
