老年家庭照顾者的健康模式

A Model of Health for Family Caregivers of Elders.

作者信息

Weierbach Florence M, Cao Yan

机构信息

College of Nursing, Graduate Programs, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN 37614, USA.

出版信息

Healthcare (Basel). 2016 Dec 22;5(1):1. doi: 10.3390/healthcare5010001.

DOI:10.3390/healthcare5010001

PMID:28025490

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5371907/

Abstract

UNLABELLED

Family members who provide care to their loved ones experience changes in their own health. The caregiver health model (CGHM) is a new model that identifies health holistically and identifies four determinant(s) that contribute to the health status of the family caregiver. The purpose is to introduce the CGHM: Hypothesis 1: the determinants of health in the CGHM contribute to the health of the Caregiver, Hypothesis 2: the determinants of health contribute to changes in the caregivers' health at 8 and 16 weeks, and Hypothesis 3: a change in health occurs from baseline to 8 and 16 weeks.

METHODS

A descriptive, longitudinal design used three data collection points and five survey instruments. Community recruitment (N = 90) occurred through word of mouth and newspapers. Inclusion criteria consisted of being a family caregiver, living in a rural residence, and providing care to elders with necessary activities of daily living (ADLs) and/or instrumental ADLs (IADLs). Following a participant generated phone call to provide consent, caregivers received an initial study packet, additional packets were sent upon return of the previous packet. Analysis for the three hypotheses included multiple backwards stepwise linear regression, generalized estimating equations (GEE), and analysis of variance (ANOVA) α = 0.05.

RESULTS

A significant decrease in mental ( < 0.01) but not physical health at 8 weeks ( = 0.38) and 16 weeks ( = 0.29) occurred over time. Two determinants displayed significant ( < 0.05 or less) changes in mental and/or physical health at one or more time points. Study limitations include caregiver entry at varying times and self-report of elder nursing needs and medical conditions.

CONCLUSIONS

Findings support two of the four determinants contributing to caregiver health.

摘要

未标注

照顾亲人的家庭成员自身健康会发生变化。照顾者健康模型（CGHM）是一种全新的模型，它从整体上识别健康状况，并确定了四个影响家庭照顾者健康状况的决定因素。目的是介绍CGHM：假设1：CGHM中的健康决定因素有助于照顾者的健康；假设2：健康决定因素在第8周和第16周时会导致照顾者健康状况发生变化；假设3：从基线到第8周和第16周，健康状况会发生变化。

方法

采用描述性纵向设计，设置三个数据收集点并使用五种调查工具。通过口碑传播和报纸进行社区招募（N = 90）。纳入标准包括身为家庭照顾者、居住在农村以及为有日常生活自理活动（ADL）和/或工具性日常生活自理活动（IADL）需求的老年人提供照顾。在参与者致电表示同意后，照顾者会收到初始研究资料包，前一个资料包返回后会再发送其他资料包。对三个假设的分析包括多元向后逐步线性回归、广义估计方程（GEE）以及方差分析（ANOVA），α = 0.05。

结果

随着时间推移，在第8周（P = 0.38）和第16周（P = 0.29）时，心理健康显著下降（P < 0.01），但身体健康未出现显著变化。两个决定因素在一个或多个时间点上显示出心理健康和/或身体健康的显著（P < 0.05或更低）变化。研究局限性包括照顾者在不同时间加入，以及对老年人护理需求和医疗状况的自我报告。