Van't Root Moniek, Lowik Clemens, Mezzanotte Laura
Optical Molecular imaging, Department of Radiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands.
Optical Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, Erasmus Medical Center's-Gravendijkwal 230, 3015 CE Rotterdam, Netherlands.
Curr Pharm Des. 2017;23(13):1953-1962. doi: 10.2174/1381612822666161227153359.
Targeting nanomedicine to brain tumors is hampered by the heterogeneity of brain tumors and the blood brain barrier. These represent the main reasons of unsuccessful treatments. Nanomedicine based approaches hold promise for improved brain tissue distribution of drugs and delivery of combination therapies. In this review, we describe the recent advancements and latest achievements in the use of nanocarriers, virus and cell-derived nanoparticles for targeted therapy of brain tumors. We provide successful examples of nanomedicine based approaches for direct targeting of receptors expressed in brain tumor cells or modulation of pathways involved in cell survival as well as approaches for indirect targeting of cells in the tumor stroma and immunotherapies. Although the field is at its infancy, clinical trials involving nanomedicine based approaches for brain tumors are ongoing and many others will start in the near future.
脑肿瘤的异质性和血脑屏障阻碍了纳米药物靶向治疗脑肿瘤。这些是治疗失败的主要原因。基于纳米药物的方法有望改善药物在脑组织中的分布并实现联合治疗。在本综述中，我们描述了纳米载体、病毒和细胞衍生的纳米颗粒用于脑肿瘤靶向治疗的最新进展和成果。我们提供了基于纳米药物的方法直接靶向脑肿瘤细胞中表达的受体或调节细胞存活相关通路的成功案例，以及间接靶向肿瘤基质细胞和免疫疗法的方法。尽管该领域尚处于起步阶段，但涉及基于纳米药物治疗脑肿瘤的临床试验正在进行中，并且许多其他试验将在不久的将来启动。
