Antelmi Annarita, Bruze Magnus, Zimerson Erik, Engfeldt Malin, Young Ewa, Persson Lena, Foti Caterina, Sörensen Östen, Svedman Cecilia
Department of Occupational, Environmental Dermatology, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Lund University, Sweden, Jan Waldenströmsgatan 16, pl. 5, 20502, Malmö, Sweden.
Department of Biomedical Science, Human Oncology, Unit of Dermatology, University of Bari, Piazza Giulio Cesare, 11, 70124 Bari, Italy.
Eur J Dermatol. 2017 Apr 1;27(2):123-131. doi: 10.1684/ejd.2016.2934.
Hair dyes contain strong allergens and are widely available. Correct labelling is a necessity in order to provide information about the contents. To compare the labelling and content of hair dyes. In total, 52 hair dyes, from 11 different countries, were bought over the counter. High-pressure liquid chromatography was used for the analysis of p-phenylenediamine (PPD), toluene-2,5-diamine (2,5-TDA), and three oxidation products of PPD. There was good agreement between labelling and content, although seven of the 52 products (13.5%) studied were incorrectly labelled. There were differences in the geographical use of PPD and 2,5-TDA; 2,5-TDA was more common in European products, while PPD was more common in products purchased outside Europe and was present in higher concentrations. All dyes purchased in Europe contained PPD and 2,5-TDA at levels within the limits defined by European legislation, however, levels were higher in some products purchased outside Europe. Only a small group of hair dyes sold in Europe were mislabelled. Further improvement in labelling, by providing the concentration of chemicals, may facilitate products to be purchased both locally and within the global market, when travelling or on the internet.
染发剂含有强过敏原且广泛可得。为了提供有关成分的信息，正确标注是必要的。旨在比较染发剂的标注与成分。总共从11个不同国家购买了52种非处方染发剂。采用高压液相色谱法分析对苯二胺（PPD）、甲苯-2,5-二胺（2,5-TDA）以及PPD的三种氧化产物。尽管所研究的52种产品中有7种（13.5%）标注错误，但标注与成分之间仍有良好的一致性。PPD和2,5-TDA在地域使用上存在差异；2,5-TDA在欧洲产品中更常见，而PPD在欧洲以外购买的产品中更常见且浓度更高。在欧洲购买的所有染发剂中，PPD和2,5-TDA的含量均在欧洲法规规定的限值范围内，然而，在欧洲以外购买的一些产品中含量更高。在欧洲销售的染发剂中只有一小部分标注错误。通过提供化学成分的浓度来进一步改进标注，可能有助于在本地以及旅行或通过互联网在全球市场购买产品。
