University of Arizona College of Medicine - Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ, 85004, USA.
Contact Dermatitis. 2014 Apr;70(4):213-8. doi: 10.1111/cod.12164.
Hair dye products constitute an important source of allergen exposure, and contribute importantly to allergic contact dermatitis in consumers and hairdressers.
To evaluate the presence of potent contact sensitizers in oxidative hair dye products intended for home use on the US market.
Ingredient labels of 107 hair dyes from 10 major brands were examined and used to assess the prevalence of hair dye substances known to be potent contact sensitizers.
One hundred and six of 107 (99%) products contained at least one potent sensitizer, and the average product contained six (range 0-11). p-Phenylenediamine (PPD) was found in 83 products (78%), but resorcinol (89%), m-aminophenol (75%), p-aminophenol (60%) and toluene-2,5-diamine (21%) were also frequently identified.
Potent contact sensitizers were almost universally included in the hair dyes investigated in the United States. Although PPD is a common allergen, resorcinol and m-aminophenol were found more frequently. In total, 30 potent sensitizers were found. Clinicians should consider other allergens in addition to PPD when evaluating patients with suspected hair dye allergy.
染发剂产品是过敏原暴露的一个重要来源，对消费者和美发师的过敏性接触性皮炎有重要贡献。
评估美国市场上供家庭使用的氧化染发剂产品中是否存在强效接触致敏剂。
检查了 10 个主要品牌的 107 种染发剂的成分标签，并用于评估已知为强效接触致敏剂的染发剂物质的流行率。
107 种产品中有 106 种（99%）至少含有一种强效致敏剂，平均每种产品含有六种（0-11 种）。83 种产品（78%）中发现了对苯二胺（PPD），但间苯二酚（89%）、间氨基酚（75%）、对氨基酚（60%）和甲苯-2,5-二胺（21%）也经常被发现。
在美国进行调查的染发剂几乎普遍包含强效接触致敏剂。虽然 PPD 是一种常见的过敏原，但间苯二酚和间氨基酚的发现更为频繁。总共发现了 30 种强效致敏剂。临床医生在评估疑似染发剂过敏的患者时，除了 PPD 之外，还应考虑其他过敏原。
