Weller Gregory E R
From the Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Penn State Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania.
Anesth Analg. 2017 May;124(5):1520-1528. doi: 10.1213/ANE.0000000000001808.
The Amish are a relatively isolated group with cultural and religious customs that differ significantly from the mainstream American population. Functioning as tight-knit communities with strong conservative Christian beliefs, the Amish maintain a culture based on intentional separateness from the outside world. Key aspects of Amish life include distinct clothing and behaviors, a unique language, an agrarian lifestyle, limited formal education, nonviolence/nonaggression, and a general lack of modern technology, as exemplified by the use of the traditional horse-and-buggy. The Amish have distinct health care practices, beliefs, and goals, and because of differing genetics and lifestyle, also have a distinct constellation of health and disease characteristics. This article reviews the core beliefs, community and lifestyle, health care beliefs and practices, and health characteristics of this unique and medically challenging population. Generalizable strategies for providing culturally competent care for any such ethnically, socially, or medically unique community are presented.
阿米什人是一个相对孤立的群体，其文化和宗教习俗与美国主流人群有很大差异。作为紧密团结的社区，秉持强烈的保守基督教信仰，阿米什人维持着一种有意与外界隔绝的文化。阿米什人生活的关键方面包括独特的服装和行为、一种独特的语言、农耕生活方式、有限的正规教育、非暴力/不侵犯，以及普遍缺乏现代技术，传统的马车使用就是例证。阿米什人有独特的医疗保健实践、信仰和目标，并且由于基因和生活方式的不同，也有独特的健康和疾病特征组合。本文回顾了这个独特且在医学上具有挑战性的人群的核心信仰、社区与生活方式、医疗保健信仰与实践以及健康特征。还介绍了为任何此类在种族、社会或医学上独特的社区提供具有文化胜任力护理的可推广策略。
