Department of Psychology, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA.
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, State University of New York at Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA.
Dev Sci. 2018 Mar;21(2). doi: 10.1111/desc.12512. Epub 2016 Dec 29.
The attentional blink (AB) is thought to help the visual system parse and categorize rapidly changing information by segmenting it into temporal chunks, and is elicited using Rapid Serial Visual Presentation. It is reflected in a decrease in accuracy at detecting the second of two targets presented within 200-500 ms of the first, and its development appears to be protracted on tasks that require set-shifting. Here, younger (M = 8.5 years) and older (M = 12.8 years) children and adults (M = 19.13 years) completed a simple AB task with no set-shift requirement in which participants detected two letters in a stream of numbers presented at a rate of 135 ms/item. In addition to assessing the developmental course of the AB on this simple task, we also assessed temporal order errors, or swaps. The AB and its associated characteristics are present in both groups but developmental differences were noted in the depth of the AB, and the presence or absence of lag-1 sparing. These developmental changes were explained by changes in a single parameter, inhibition, using the eTST model, which suggests that the AB is an adaptive function of the visual system.
注意瞬脱（AB）被认为通过将其分割成时间块来帮助视觉系统解析和分类快速变化的信息，并且可以通过快速序列视觉呈现来引发。它反映在检测两个目标中的第二个目标的准确性下降，这两个目标在第一个目标之后的 200-500 毫秒内呈现，并且其发展似乎在需要设置转换的任务中延长。在这里，年幼的（M=8.5 岁）、年长的（M=12.8 岁）儿童和成年人（M=19.13 岁）在没有设置转换要求的简单 AB 任务中完成了任务，其中参与者以 135 毫秒/项的速度在数字流中检测两个字母。除了评估这个简单任务中的 AB 的发展过程外，我们还评估了时间顺序错误，或交换。AB 及其相关特征在两个组中都存在，但在 AB 的深度和滞后 1 节省的存在或不存在方面注意到了发展差异。这些发展变化可以通过使用 eTST 模型的单个参数抑制的变化来解释，这表明 AB 是视觉系统的自适应功能。
