Ditlmann Ruth K, Purdie-Vaughns Valerie, Dovidio John F, Naft Michael J
Migration, Integration, and Transnationalization Unit, WZB Berlin Social Science Center.
Department of Psychology, Columbia University.
J Pers Soc Psychol. 2017 Jan;112(1):116-135. doi: 10.1037/pspp0000118.
This research demonstrates that individual differences in the implicit power motive (i.e., the concern with impact, influence, and control) moderate how African Americans communicate with White Americans in challenging intergroup dialogues. In a study with African American participants we find that the higher their implicit power motive, the more they use an affiliation strategy to communicate with a White American partner in a conversation context that evokes the history of slavery (Study 1). In a study with White American participants we find that, in the same conversation context, they are more engaged (i.e., open, attentive, and motivated) if they receive an affiliation message rather than a no-affiliation message from an African American partner (Study 2). In interracial dyads we find that African American participants' implicit power motives moderate how much they intend to signal warmth to a White American discussion partner, how much they display immediacy behaviors and use affiliation imagery in the discussion, and with what level of engagement White American participants respond (Study 3). High but not low implicit power African Americans thus employ a communication strategy-expressing affiliation and warmth-that can be effective for engaging White Americans with uncomfortable, race-identity-relevant topics. (PsycINFO Database Record
这项研究表明，内隐权力动机（即对影响、掌控的关注）的个体差异会调节非裔美国人在具有挑战性的群体间对话中与美国白人交流的方式。在一项针对非裔美国参与者的研究中，我们发现，他们的内隐权力动机越高，在唤起奴隶制历史的对话情境中与美国白人伙伴交流时，就越会使用一种建立联系的策略（研究1）。在一项针对美国白人参与者的研究中，我们发现，在相同的对话情境中，如果他们从非裔美国伙伴那里收到建立联系的信息而非无联系的信息，他们会更投入（即更开放、专注且积极主动）（研究2）。在跨种族二人组中，我们发现非裔美国参与者的内隐权力动机调节着他们向美国白人讨论伙伴表达温暖的程度、在讨论中展现即时行为和使用建立联系意象的程度，以及美国白人参与者回应时的投入程度（研究3）。因此，具有高而非低内隐权力动机的非裔美国人采用了一种交流策略——表达建立联系和温暖——这对于让美国白人参与到令人不适的、与种族身份相关的话题中可能是有效的。（《心理学文摘数据库记录》 ）
