Kolarik Melissa, Roberts Eric
Loyola University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois.
J Trauma Nurs. 2017 Jan/Feb;24(1):19-24. doi: 10.1097/JTN.0000000000000257.
Emergency care, including the resuscitation of patients involved in traumatic events, has evolved over the years. A prior practice of utilizing large volumes of crystalloids has been found to contribute to complications such as coagulopathy, fluid overload, and adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). In contrast, permissive hypotension is a method of fluid restriction that allows for low blood pressure and mean arterial pressure during the resuscitation period. When permissive hypotension occurs and fluids are restricted in trauma patients, the incidence of ARDS can be reduced significantly with improvement in patient outcomes. Using evidence, nurse practitioners in the emergency department have an important role in evaluating and updating protocols such as permissive hypotension.
多年来，包括对创伤事件患者进行复苏在内的急诊护理已经得到了发展。过去大量使用晶体液的做法已被发现会导致诸如凝血病、液体超负荷和成人呼吸窘迫综合征（ARDS）等并发症。相比之下，允许性低血压是一种液体限制方法，在复苏期间允许血压和平均动脉压处于较低水平。当创伤患者出现允许性低血压且液体受到限制时，ARDS的发生率可显著降低，患者预后也会得到改善。基于证据，急诊科的执业护士在评估和更新诸如允许性低血压等方案方面发挥着重要作用。
