Zemková Erika, Jeleň Michal, Kováčiková Zuzana, Miklovič Peter, Svoboda Zdeněk, Janura Miroslav
a Department of Sports Kinanthropology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports , Comenius University in Bratislava , Slovakia.
b Sports Technology Institute, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology , Slovak University of Technology , Bratislava , Slovakia.
J Mot Behav. 2017 Sep-Oct;49(5):514-523. doi: 10.1080/00222895.2016.1241751. Epub 2016 Dec 29.
The authors investigate the ways in which varied postural responses to translating platform perturbations are associated with the variables of strength and power. Twenty-four physically active and 27 sedentary young adults were exposed to a set of postural perturbations at varied velocities (10 and 20 cm/s) and the respective accelerations (6.4 and 6.9 m/s), constant distance (6 cm), and 4 directions of platform motion (forward, backward, left-lateral, and right-lateral). They also performed maximum voluntary isometric contraction (MVC) and chair rising/chair jumping tests. The analysis of variance revealed significant interaction effect for peak center of pressure displacement, direction by velocity: F = 24.43, p = .002; and direction by acceleration: F = 34.18, p = .001. There were no significant correlations between peak center of pressure displacements and peak force and peak rate of force development measured during MVC in either standing (r = .27-57) or sitting positions (r = .12-51) and peak power during chair jumping (r = .47-.59) in all participants. As such, only a small proportion of variance was explained (9-39%, 3-23%, and 23-41%, respectively). In conclusion, interaction effects indicate that the composition of stimuli strongly influences compensatory responses and this effect is more pronounced in sedentary than in physically active young adults. Nevertheless, the dynamic balance is not associated with muscle strength and power in either group.
作者研究了对平移平台扰动的不同姿势反应与力量和功率变量之间的关联方式。24名身体活跃的年轻成年人和27名久坐不动的年轻成年人在不同速度（10和20厘米/秒）、各自的加速度（6.4和6.9米/秒²）、恒定距离（6厘米）以及平台运动的4个方向（向前、向后、左侧和右侧）下接受了一组姿势扰动。他们还进行了最大自主等长收缩（MVC）以及从椅子上起身/椅子跳跃测试。方差分析显示，压力中心峰值位移在方向与速度上存在显著交互作用：F = 24.43，p = .002；在方向与加速度上也存在显著交互作用：F = 34.18，p = .001。在所有参与者中，无论是站立（r = .27 - .57）还是坐姿（r = .12 - .51）时MVC期间测得的压力中心峰值位移与峰值力和峰值力发展速率之间，以及椅子跳跃期间的峰值功率（r = .47 - .59）之间均无显著相关性。因此，仅解释了一小部分方差（分别为9 - 39%、3 - 23%和23 - 41%）。总之，交互作用表明刺激的组成强烈影响代偿反应，并且这种效应在久坐不动的年轻成年人中比在身体活跃的年轻成年人中更为明显。然而，两组的动态平衡均与肌肉力量和功率无关。
