Division of Movement and Training Sciences/Biomechanics of Sport, Institute of Sport and Movement Sciences, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany,
Division of Movement and Training Sciences/Biomechanics of Sport, Institute of Sport and Movement Sciences, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.
Gerontology. 2020;66(1):15-23. doi: 10.1159/000500972. Epub 2019 Jul 2.
Associations between lower limb muscle strength and balance performance in adults have previously been reported. However, the function of the foot muscles for postural control has not been understood, yet.
The purpose of the present study was to investigate associations between pronator and supinator muscle strength, subtalar range of motion (ROM) and postural stability while standing under various conditions in young versus old adults.
Using a custom-built apparatus equipped with a force transducer and an electrogoniometer, maximum voluntary isometric subtalar pronator and supinator strength as well as ROM tests were administered to 30 young (mean age: 25.1 years) and 30 old (mean age: 65.2 years) volunteers. Total active subtalar ROM, peak pronator and peak supinator torques were measured. While standing on a force plate, limits of stability (LOS) were determined during anterior-posterior (AP) and medio-lateral (ML) leaning tasks. Furthermore, sway distance and velocity during single-legged standing were measured. Correlation and regression analyses were conducted.
In both age groups, subtalar pronator muscle strength was related to AP-LOS (young: r = 0.36; old: r = 0.49). In young adults, subtalar supinator muscle strength was associated with ML-LOS (r = 0.41). The regression analyses revealed that summed subtalar muscle strength predicts 13 and 20% of the variance of AP-LOS in young and old adults, respectively. Summed subtalar muscle strength was found to predict 18% of the variance in ML-LOS in young but not in old adults. There were no correlations and no predictors found concerning subtalar muscle strength and postural sway during single-legged standing for both age groups.
Longitudinal studies have to proof whether pronator muscle strength training might positively affect balance performance during AP leaning, specifically in old adults.
先前已有研究报道，成年人下肢肌肉力量与平衡表现之间存在关联。然而，对于足部肌肉在姿势控制中的作用，我们仍知之甚少。
本研究旨在探讨年轻人和老年人在不同条件下，跟骨内、外翻肌力量、跟骨活动范围（ROM）与姿势稳定性之间的关系。
使用带有力传感器和电子角度计的定制设备，对 30 名年轻人（平均年龄：25.1 岁）和 30 名老年人（平均年龄：65.2 岁）志愿者进行最大自主等长跟骨内、外翻力量测试和跟骨 ROM 测试。测量总的跟骨主动 ROM、峰值跟骨内、外翻扭矩。志愿者在测力板上站立，进行前-后（AP）和中-侧（ML）倾斜任务时，确定其稳定极限（LOS）。此外，还测量单腿站立时的摆动距离和速度。进行相关性和回归分析。
在两个年龄组中，跟骨内翻肌力量与 AP-LOS 相关（年轻人：r = 0.36；老年人：r = 0.49）。在年轻成年人中，跟骨外翻肌力量与 ML-LOS 相关（r = 0.41）。回归分析显示，跟骨总的肌肉力量可以预测年轻人和老年人 AP-LOS 变异性的 13%和 20%。在年轻人中，跟骨总的肌肉力量可以预测 ML-LOS 变异性的 18%，但在老年人中则不能。对于两个年龄组，跟骨肌肉力量与单腿站立时的姿势摆动均无相关性，也无预测因素。
纵向研究需要证明，内翻肌力量训练是否可以积极影响 AP 倾斜时的平衡表现，尤其是在老年人中。
