Grinfeld Artur, Betelli Rodrigo, Arruda Guilherme, Almeida Washington
Department of Facial Plastic Surgery, Hospital Otorrinos de Feira de Santana, Feira de Santana, Bahia, Brazil.
Facial Plast Surg. 2016 Dec;32(6):620-624. doi: 10.1055/s-0036-1597660. Epub 2016 Dec 29.
The demand for cosmetic surgery has significantly increased in the past few years mainly due to economic rise witnessed in Brazil. The state of Bahia has predominately Afro-descendant population with the same countrywide scenario, where the surgeon must be able to face challenges such as the specifics demands of rhinoplasty in an ethnic nose. It represents not only a different nasal variety from the Caucasoid, but also a complex anatomical feature, with its own peculiarities, as thicker and oilier skin, with bulky fibrous fatty tissue with numerous sebaceous glands. The nose tip features both inadequate projection and definition, including a short columella and underdeveloped nasal spine. The lower lateral cartilages are lower and thinner if compared with Caucasian noses. The nasal septum is short and fragile, whereas the dorsum is low and wide with deep nasion and wide obtuse angles between nasal bones. Finally, yet importantly, the nose base has increased interalar distance and excess of alar wing, with an ovoid, horizontal, and open nostril. Considering all these uniqueness, the existing challenges to approach an ethnic nose are clear. It requires skill and accurate surgical maneuvers to seek facial harmony while maintaining the characteristics that define the individual ethnicity and identity.
在过去几年里，主要由于巴西经济的增长，对整容手术的需求显著增加。巴伊亚州主要是非洲裔人口，全国情况也一样，在这种情况下，外科医生必须能够应对诸如种族性鼻子隆鼻术的特殊需求等挑战。它不仅代表了一种与白种人不同的鼻型，还具有复杂的解剖特征，有其自身的特点，比如皮肤更厚且更油腻，有大量皮脂腺的粗大纤维脂肪组织。鼻尖表现为突出不足和轮廓不清晰，包括鼻小柱短和鼻棘发育不全。与白种人的鼻子相比，外侧鼻软骨更低更薄。鼻中隔短且脆弱，而鼻背低且宽，鼻根深陷，鼻骨之间的角度宽且钝。最后，也是重要的一点，鼻基底的鼻翼间距增大，鼻翼过多，鼻孔呈椭圆形、水平且开口。考虑到所有这些独特之处，处理种族性鼻子所面临的现有挑战显而易见。这需要技巧和精确的手术操作，以在保持定义个体种族和身份特征的同时实现面部和谐。
