Atiyeh Bishara, Chrabieh Edwin, Omaish Hazem, Chalhoub Rawad, Emsieh Saif
From the Division of Plastic, Reconstructive, and Aesthetic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon.
Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.
Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open. 2025 Sep 23;13(9):e7069. doi: 10.1097/GOX.0000000000007069. eCollection 2025 Sep.
Westernization of nasal features has long been presented as an essential framework for enhanced beauty. Whether surgery is meant to align one's appearance to Western ideals, or whether it should be considered a means of improvement within one's own culture and ethnicity, deserves serious consideration.
A systematic literature search of PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases was conducted to identify reports on aesthetic preferences for ethnic nasal shape as they apply to aesthetic rhinoplasty.
Identified reports confirmed that there is no universal ideal nasal morphology across cultures and ethnic groups. However, cognitive investigation of aesthetic preferences of non-White patients is very limited, and most reports provided a low level of evidence.
Variations in nasal features are morphological adaptive transformations pressured by evolution and natural selection. Their perception as positive beauty cues is also determined by evolution. Nasal profile preferences of various ethnic patients and the objectives of "ethnic rhinoplasty" are still poorly appreciated. Rather than being intended to correct existing features that deviate from the White "norm," for creating a racially congruent and aesthetically pleasing outcome, aesthetic rhinoplasty is better perceived as an improvement fitting within the specific cultural and ethnic background of each patient and within the context of mate preferences and cognitive averageness.
长期以来，鼻部特征的西方化一直被视为提升美感的重要框架。手术是旨在使一个人的外貌符合西方理想标准，还是应被视为在其自身文化和种族范围内的一种改善方式，值得认真思考。
对PubMed、Embase和科学网数据库进行系统的文献检索，以确定适用于鼻整形美容的不同种族鼻形审美偏好的相关报道。
已确定的报道证实，不同文化和种族之间不存在普遍适用的理想鼻形态。然而，对非白人患者审美偏好的认知研究非常有限，且大多数报道提供的证据水平较低。
鼻部特征的差异是受进化和自然选择压力影响的形态适应性转变。它们被视为积极的美信号也由进化决定。不同种族患者的鼻型偏好以及“种族鼻整形”的目标仍未得到充分认识。鼻整形美容不应旨在矫正偏离白人“标准”的现有特征，而应被视为在每位患者特定的文化和种族背景以及配偶偏好和认知平均水平的背景下进行的一种改善，以实现种族协调且美观的效果。
