Wang Tianjiao, Chen Tong, Lin Xiaoqing, Zhan Mingxiu, Li Xiaodong
State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Institute for Thermal Power Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, People's Republic of China.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2017 Feb;24(6):5607-5618. doi: 10.1007/s11356-016-8221-9. Epub 2016 Dec 29.
The concentrations, homologue, and congener profiles, as well as the gas/particle distribution of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and furans (PCDD/Fs), chlorobenzenes (CBzs), chlorophenols (CPhs), and polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from stack gas of two different municipal solid waste incinerators in China, were characterized. The incinerators were a stoker furnace incinerator equipped with the advanced air pollution control device (APCD) and a common circulating fluidized bed (CFB) furnace. The concentration of PCDD/Fs in the stack gas of the stoker incinerator ranged 0.011-0.109 ng international toxic equivalent factor (I-TEQ)/Nm and was below the current limit for PCDD/F emissions from the municipal solid waste incinerators (MSWIs) in China (0.1 ng I-TEQ/Nm) in most of the cases. Moreover, the concentration of PCDD/Fs in the stack gas of the stoker incinerator was significantly lower than that of the CFB incinerator (0.734 to 24.6 ng I-TEQ/Nm). In both incinerators, the majority of the total PCDD/F emissions (above 90%) ended up in the gas phase. 2,3,4,7,8-PeCDF, which occupied 24.3-43.6 and 32.5-75.6% of I-TEQ contribution in MSWIs A and B, respectively, was the most abundant congener. However, different types of incinerators and APCDs induced different congener and homologue distributions. The total concentration of CBzs from the stoker incinerator (0.05-3.2 μg/Nm) was also much lower than that formed from the CFB incinerator (10.9-75.2 μg/Nm). The phase distribution of CBzs followed the same pattern as with the PCDD/Fs. Moreover, the emission level of CBz was 100-1000 times higher than that of the PCDD/Fs, which determines the applicability of CBzs as indicators of PCDD/F emissions. High correlations between the emission concentrations of PCDD/Fs, TeCBz, and PCBz in specific ranges were revealed. Furthermore, high concentrations of CPhs (0.6-141.0 μg/Nm) and PAHs (148.6-4986.5 μg/Nm) were detected in the stack gases of MSWI B. In some cases, the concentrations were as high as the concentrations in the fumes exiting the boiler of one foreign stoker without flue gas purification indicating the abundance of CPh and PAH emissions in the stack gas of waste incinerators.
对中国两座不同城市固体废物焚烧炉烟囱气体中的多氯二苯并 - 对 - 二噁英和多氯二苯并呋喃（PCDD/Fs）、氯苯（CBzs）、氯酚（CPhs）以及多环芳烃（PAHs）的浓度、同系物和同族物分布，以及气/颗粒分布进行了表征。这两座焚烧炉分别是一台配备先进空气污染控制装置（APCD）的层燃炉焚烧炉和一台普通循环流化床（CFB）炉。层燃炉焚烧炉烟囱气体中PCDD/Fs的浓度范围为0.011 - 0.109纳克国际毒性当量因子（I - TEQ）/立方米，在大多数情况下低于中国城市固体废物焚烧炉（MSWIs）PCDD/F排放的现行限值（0.1纳克I - TEQ/立方米）。此外，层燃炉焚烧炉烟囱气体中PCDD/Fs的浓度显著低于CFB焚烧炉（0.734至24.6纳克I - TEQ/立方米）。在两座焚烧炉中，PCDD/F总排放量的大部分（超过90%）最终进入气相。2,3,4,7,8 - 五氯二苯并呋喃分别占MSWIs A和B中I - TEQ贡献的24.3 - 43.6%和32.5 - 75.6%，是含量最丰富的同族物。然而，不同类型的焚烧炉和APCDs导致了不同的同族物和同系物分布。层燃炉焚烧炉中CBzs的总浓度（0.05 - 3.2微克/立方米）也远低于CFB焚烧炉（10.9 - 75.2微克/立方米）。CBzs的相分布与PCDD/Fs相同。此外，CBz的排放水平比PCDD/Fs高100 - 1000倍，这决定了CBzs作为PCDD/F排放指标的适用性。揭示了特定范围内PCDD/Fs、四氯苯（TeCBz）和五氯苯（PCBz）排放浓度之间的高度相关性。此外，在MSWI B的烟囱气体中检测到高浓度的CPhs（0.6 - 141.0微克/立方米）和PAHs（148.6 - 4986.5微克/立方米）。在某些情况下，这些浓度与一台未进行烟气净化的国外层燃炉锅炉排出烟气中的浓度一样高，表明垃圾焚烧炉烟囱气体中CPh和PAH排放丰富。
