Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Clarkson University , Potsdam, New York 13699-5705, United States.
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Vermont , Burlington, Vermont 05405, United States.
Environ Sci Technol. 2017 Feb 7;51(3):1433-1440. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.6b05323. Epub 2017 Jan 17.
The aqueous bulk diffusivities of several near-spherical (icosahedral) and nonspherical (tailed) bacterial viruses were experimentally determined by measuring their flux across large pore membranes and using dynamic light scattering, with excellent agreement between values measured using the two techniques. For the icosahedral viruses, good agreement was also found between measured diffusivity values and values predicted with the Stokes-Einstein equation. However, when the tailed viruses were approximated as spheres, poor agreement was found between measured values and Stokes-Einstein predictions. The shape of the tailed organisms was incorporated into two modeling approaches used to predict diffusivity. Model predictions were found to be in good agreement with measured values, demonstrating the importance of the tail in the diffusive transport of these viruses. Our calculations also show that inaccurate estimates of virus diffusion can lead to significant errors when predicting diffusive contributions to flocculation and to single collector efficiency in media filtration.
通过测量跨大孔膜的通量并使用动态光散射，实验确定了几种近球形（二十面体）和非球形（长尾）细菌病毒的水相体扩散系数，这两种技术测量的值之间具有极好的一致性。对于二十面体病毒，测量的扩散系数值与用 Stokes-Einstein 方程预测的值之间也存在很好的一致性。然而，当长尾病毒被近似为球体时，测量值与 Stokes-Einstein 预测值之间存在很大差异。将长尾生物的形状纳入两种用于预测扩散系数的建模方法中。模型预测与测量值吻合良好，证明了尾巴在这些病毒的扩散传输中的重要性。我们的计算还表明，当预测介质过滤中絮凝和单个收集器效率的扩散贡献时，病毒扩散的不准确估计会导致显著的误差。
