Murphy Conor F, le Roux Carel W
Diabetes Complications Research Centre, Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland.
Gastrosurgical Laboratory, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden.
Int J Mol Sci. 2016 Dec 26;18(1):35. doi: 10.3390/ijms18010035.
Ghrelin, discovered in 1999, is a 28-amino-acid hormone, best recognized as a stimulator of growth hormone secretion, but with pleiotropic functions in the area of energy homeostasis, such as appetite stimulation and energy expenditure regulation. As the intrinsic ligand of the growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHS-R), ghrelin appears to have a broad array of effects, but its primary role is still an area of debate. Produced mainly from oxyntic glands in the stomach, but with a multitude of extra-metabolic roles, ghrelin is implicated in complex neurobiological processes. Comprehensive studies within the areas of obesity and metabolic surgery have clarified the mechanism of these operations. As a stimulator of growth hormone (GH), and an apparent inducer of positive energy balance, other areas of interest include its impact on carcinogenesis and tumour proliferation and its role in the cancer cachexia syndrome. This has led several authors to study the hormone in the cancer setting. Ghrelin levels are acutely reduced following an oesophagectomy, a primary treatment modality for oesophageal cancer. We sought to investigate the nature of this postoperative ghrelin suppression, and its neurobiological implications.
胃饥饿素于1999年被发现，是一种由28个氨基酸组成的激素，它最广为人知的作用是刺激生长激素分泌，但在能量平衡领域具有多效性功能，如刺激食欲和调节能量消耗。作为生长激素促分泌素受体（GHS-R）的内源性配体，胃饥饿素似乎具有广泛的作用，但其主要作用仍是一个存在争议的领域。胃饥饿素主要由胃的泌酸腺产生，但具有多种代谢外作用，它参与复杂的神经生物学过程。肥胖和代谢手术领域的综合研究已经阐明了这些手术的机制。作为生长激素（GH）的刺激剂以及正能量平衡的明显诱导剂，其他感兴趣的领域包括其对致癌作用和肿瘤增殖的影响以及其在癌症恶病质综合征中的作用。这促使几位作者在癌症背景下研究这种激素。食管癌的主要治疗方式——食管切除术后，胃饥饿素水平会急剧降低。我们试图研究这种术后胃饥饿素抑制的性质及其神经生物学意义。
