Biyani Madhu, Biyani Radhika, Tsuchihashi Tomoko, Takamura Yuzuru, Ushijima Hiromi, Tamiya Eiichi, Biyani Manish
BioDevice Technology Ltd., 2-13 Asahidai, Nomi City, Ishikawa 923-1211, Japan.
Biyani BioSolutions Pvt. Ltd., Biyani Research Group, R-4, Sector 3, Vidhyadhar Nagar, Jaipur 302023, India.
Sensors (Basel). 2016 Dec 27;17(1):45. doi: 10.3390/s17010045.
We describe a simple and affordable "Disposable electrode printed (DEP)-On-Go" sensing platform for the rapid on-site monitoring of trace heavy metal pollutants in environmental samples for early warning by developing a mobile electrochemical device composed of palm-sized potentiostat and disposable unmodified screen-printed electrode chips. We present the analytical performance of our device for the sensitive detection of major heavy metal ions, namely, mercury, cadmium, lead, arsenic, zinc, and copper with detection limits of 1.5, 2.6, 4.0, 5.0, 14.4, and, 15.5 μg·L, respectively. Importantly, the utility of this device is extended to detect multiple heavy metals simultaneously with well-defined voltammograms and similar sensitivity. Finally, "DEP-On-Go" was successfully applied to detect heavy metals in real environmental samples from groundwater, tap water, house dust, soil, and industry-processed rice and noodle foods. We evaluated the efficiency of this system with a linear correlation through inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, and the results suggested that this system can be reliable for on-site screening purposes. On-field applications using real samples of groundwater for drinking in the northern parts of India support the easy-to-detect, low-cost (<1 USD), rapid (within 5 min), and reliable detection limit (ppb levels) performance of our device for the on-site detection and monitoring of multiple heavy metals in resource-limited settings.
我们通过开发一种由手掌大小的恒电位仪和一次性未修饰的丝网印刷电极芯片组成的便携式电化学装置，描述了一种简单且经济实惠的“一次性印刷电极即时（DEP-On-Go）”传感平台，用于对环境样品中的痕量重金属污染物进行快速现场监测，以实现早期预警。我们展示了该装置对主要重金属离子（即汞、镉、铅、砷、锌和铜）的灵敏检测分析性能，其检测限分别为1.5、2.6、4.0、5.0、14.4和15.5 μg·L。重要的是，该装置的实用性扩展到可同时检测多种重金属，具有清晰的伏安图和相似的灵敏度。最后，“DEP-On-Go”成功应用于检测来自地下水、自来水、室内灰尘、土壤以及工业加工的大米和面食等实际环境样品中的重金属。我们通过电感耦合等离子体质谱法以线性相关性评估了该系统的效率，结果表明该系统可用于现场筛查目的。在印度北部使用实际饮用地下水样本进行的现场应用，支持了我们的装置在资源有限环境中对多种重金属进行现场检测和监测时易于检测、低成本（<1美元）、快速（5分钟内）且可靠的检测限（ppb水平）性能。
