Salehi Alireza, Alembizar Faranak, Hosseinkhani Ayda
Research Centre for Traditional Medicine and History of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Fars, Iran.
Acta Med Hist Adriat. 2016 Dec;14(2):317-326.
Studying the history of science could help develop an understanding of the contributions made by ancient nations towards scientific advances. Although Iranians had an important impact on the improvement of science, the history of Iranian medicine seems not to have been given enough attention by historians. The present study focused on the history of anesthesia and pain management in Iranian medical history. In this regard, related books such as Avesta and Shahnameh were studied in order to obtain the history of anesthesiology in Iranian pre Islamic era. This subject was also studied in the famous books of Rhazes, Haly Abbas, Avicenna, Jorjani, MomenTunekaboni and Aghili from different times of the Islamic era. Scientific data bases such as PubMed, Scopus and Google Scholar were searched using key words "Iranian", "Persian", "pain management" and "anesthesia". It was discovered that pain management and anesthesiology were well known to the Iranians. Rhazes and Avicenna had innovations in this regard. Fourteen Mokhader (anesthetic) herbs, which were included in the collection of the previous knowledge of the 18th century entitled Makhzan al-Advieyh and used as the Persian Materia Medica, were identified and listed. This study introduces the history of anesthesiology and pain management at different periods in the history of Iran.
研究科学史有助于增进对古代国家对科学进步所做贡献的理解。尽管伊朗人对科学的发展产生了重要影响，但伊朗医学史似乎并未得到历史学家足够的关注。本研究聚焦于伊朗医学史上麻醉与疼痛管理的历史。在这方面，研究了《阿维斯塔》和《列王纪》等相关书籍，以获取伊朗伊斯兰前时代的麻醉学史。该主题还在伊斯兰时代不同时期的拉齐斯、哈利·阿巴斯、阿维森纳、乔尔贾尼、穆门·图内卡博尼和阿吉里的著名书籍中进行了研究。使用关键词“伊朗”“波斯”“疼痛管理”和“麻醉”搜索了PubMed、Scopus和谷歌学术等科学数据库。结果发现，疼痛管理和麻醉学为伊朗人所熟知。拉齐斯和阿维森纳在这方面有创新。确定并列出了14种莫卡德（麻醉）草药，它们被收录在18世纪名为《医学宝库》的先前知识汇编中，并被用作波斯本草纲目。本研究介绍了伊朗历史上不同时期的麻醉学史和疼痛管理史。
