Tedeschi Andrea, Bradke Frank
German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Ludwig-Erhard-Allee 2, 53175 Bonn, Germany.
Curr Opin Neurobiol. 2017 Feb;42:118-127. doi: 10.1016/j.conb.2016.12.005. Epub 2016 Dec 28.
Axon regeneration and neuronal tissue repair varies across animal lineages as well as in the mammalian central and peripheral nervous systems. While the peripheral nervous system retains the ability to self-repair, the majority of axons in the adult mammalian central nervous system (CNS) fail to reactivate intrinsic growth programs after injury. Recent findings, however, suggest that long-distance axon regeneration, neuronal circuit assembly and recovery of functions in the adult mammalian CNS are possible. Here, we discuss our current knowledge of the cell signaling pathways and networks controlling axon regeneration. In addition, we outline a number of combinatorial strategies that include among others microtubule-based treatments to foster regeneration and functional connectivity after CNS trauma.
轴突再生和神经元组织修复在不同动物谱系以及哺乳动物的中枢和外周神经系统中存在差异。虽然外周神经系统保留了自我修复的能力，但成年哺乳动物中枢神经系统（CNS）中的大多数轴突在受伤后无法重新激活内在的生长程序。然而，最近的研究结果表明，成年哺乳动物中枢神经系统中长距离轴突再生、神经元回路组装和功能恢复是可能的。在此，我们讨论了目前对控制轴突再生的细胞信号通路和网络的认识。此外，我们概述了一些组合策略，其中包括基于微管的治疗方法，以促进中枢神经系统创伤后的再生和功能连接。
