Schaffert Jeffrey, Lee Chi-Mei, Neill Rebecca, Bo Jin
Department of Psychology, Eastern Michigan University, Ypsilanti, MI 48197, United States; Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, United States.
Department of Psychology, Eastern Michigan University, Ypsilanti, MI 48197, United States; Division of Clinical Behavioral Neuroscience, Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States.
Acta Psychol (Amst). 2017 Feb;173:106-115. doi: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2016.12.009. Epub 2016 Dec 29.
The current study examined the augmentation of error feedback on visuomotor adaptability in older adults with varying degrees of cognitive decline (assessed by the Montreal Cognitive Assessment; MoCA). Twenty-three participants performed a center-out computerized visuomotor adaptation task when the visual feedback of their hand movement error was presented in a regular (ratio=1:1) or enhanced (ratio=1:2) error feedback schedule. Results showed that older adults with lower scores on the MoCA had less adaptability than those with higher MoCA scores during the regular feedback schedule. However, participants demonstrated similar adaptability during the enhanced feedback schedule, regardless of their cognitive ability. Furthermore, individuals with lower MoCA scores showed larger after-effects in spatial control during the enhanced schedule compared to the regular schedule, whereas individuals with higher MoCA scores displayed the opposite pattern. Additional neuro-cognitive assessments revealed that spatial working memory and processing speed were positively related to motor adaptability during the regular scheduled but negatively related to adaptability during the enhanced schedule. We argue that individuals with mild cognitive decline employed different adaptation strategies when encountering enhanced visual feedback, suggesting older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) may benefit from enhanced visual error feedback during sensorimotor adaptation.
本研究考察了不同程度认知衰退（通过蒙特利尔认知评估量表；MoCA评估）的老年人在视觉运动适应性方面错误反馈增强的情况。23名参与者执行一项从中心向外的计算机化视觉运动适应任务，此时他们手部运动错误的视觉反馈以常规（比例 = 1:1）或增强（比例 = 1:2）的错误反馈时间表呈现。结果显示，在常规反馈时间表期间，MoCA得分较低的老年人比得分较高的老年人适应性更差。然而，无论认知能力如何，参与者在增强反馈时间表期间表现出相似的适应性。此外，与常规时间表相比，MoCA得分较低的个体在增强时间表期间的空间控制中表现出更大的后效应，而MoCA得分较高的个体则呈现相反的模式。额外的神经认知评估表明，空间工作记忆和处理速度在常规时间表期间与运动适应性呈正相关，但在增强时间表期间与适应性呈负相关。我们认为，轻度认知衰退的个体在遇到增强的视觉反馈时采用了不同的适应策略，这表明轻度认知障碍（MCI）的老年人在感觉运动适应期间可能会从增强的视觉错误反馈中受益。
