School of Biological and Health Systems Engineering, Arizona State University, United States Of America.
Deparment of Physical Therapy and Athletic Training, University of Utah, United States Of America; Department of Health and Kinesiology, University of Utah, United States Of America.
Acta Psychol (Amst). 2021 Mar;214:103261. doi: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2021.103261. Epub 2021 Jan 29.
Age-related declines in motor learning may be related to poor visuospatial function. Thus, visuospatial testing could evaluate older adults' potential for motor learning, which has implications for geriatric motor rehabilitation. To this end, the purpose of this study was to identify which visuospatial test is most predictive of motor learning within older adults. Forty-five nondemented older adults completed six standardized visuospatial tests, followed by three weekly practice sessions on a functional upper-extremity motor task. Participants were re-tested 1 month later on the trained task and another untrained upper-extremity motor task to evaluate the durability and generalizability of motor learning, respectively. Principal component analysis first reduced the dimensions of the visuospatial battery to two principal components for inclusion in a mixed-effects model that assessed one-month follow-up performance as a function of baseline performance and the principal components. Of the two components, only one was related to one-month follow-up. Factor loadings and post hoc analyses suggested that of the six visuospatial tests, the Rey-Osterrieth test (visual construction and memory) was related to one-month follow-up of the trained and untrained tasks. Thus, it may be plausible that older adults' long-term motor learning capacity could be evaluated using the Rey-Osterrieth test, which would be feasible to administer prior to motor rehabilitation to indicate risk of non-responsiveness to therapy.
与运动学习相关的年龄相关下降可能与较差的视空间功能有关。因此，视空间测试可以评估老年人的运动学习潜力，这对老年运动康复具有重要意义。为此，本研究的目的是确定哪种视空间测试最能预测老年人的运动学习能力。45 名无痴呆的老年人完成了六项标准化视空间测试，然后在一项功能性上肢运动任务上进行了三次每周的练习。一个月后，参与者在训练任务和另一个未训练的上肢运动任务上进行了重新测试，分别评估运动学习的持久性和泛化能力。主成分分析首先将视空间电池的维度简化为两个主成分，纳入混合效应模型中，以评估一个月后的表现作为基线表现和主成分的函数。在这两个组成部分中，只有一个与一个月后的表现有关。因子负荷和事后分析表明，在六项视空间测试中， Rey-Osterrieth 测试（视觉构建和记忆）与训练和未训练任务的一个月后表现相关。因此，使用 Rey-Osterrieth 测试评估老年人的长期运动学习能力可能是合理的，在进行运动康复之前进行该测试可以表明对治疗反应不佳的风险。
