Wenmaekers R H C, Hak C C J M, Hornikx M C J
Department of the Built Environment, Unit Building Physics and Services, Echo Building (Laboratorium voor Akoestiek), Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
J Acoust Soc Am. 2016 Dec;140(6):4437. doi: 10.1121/1.4971763.
Stage acoustic parameters aim to quantify the amount of sound energy reflected by the stage and hall boundaries and the energy decay over time. In this research, the effect of orchestra presence on parameter values is investigated. The orchestra is simulated by dressed mannequins, which have been compared with humans with respect to acoustic properties. Impulse response measurements were performed in a concert hall, a theatre, a rehearsal room, and in two orchestra pits. Conditions were empty stage floors, stage floors with music stands and chairs only, and floors occupied by the mannequin orchestra. Results show that the direct and reflected sound levels and the energy decay are significantly affected by the orchestra compared to an empty stage or a stage with chairs and stands only. Both the direct sound and early reflected sound levels are reduced by the orchestra with the distance. The late reflected sound level is reduced considerably more than can be expected based on Barron's revised theory. It can be concluded that measurements on a stage without the orchestra being present results in significant differences. A practical method is presented to perform a "musician friendly" stage acoustic measurement with a real orchestra.
舞台声学参数旨在量化由舞台和大厅边界反射的声能数量以及能量随时间的衰减。在本研究中，调查了管弦乐队的存在对参数值的影响。管弦乐队由穿着服装的人体模型模拟，在声学特性方面已将其与真人进行了比较。在音乐厅、剧院、排练室和两个乐池中进行了脉冲响应测量。测量条件包括空的舞台地面、仅带有乐谱架和椅子的舞台地面以及有人体模型管弦乐队的地面。结果表明，与空舞台或仅带有椅子和乐谱架的舞台相比，管弦乐队对直达声和反射声水平以及能量衰减有显著影响。直达声和早期反射声水平都会随着与管弦乐队距离的增加而降低。后期反射声水平的降低幅度比基于巴伦修正理论预期的要大得多。可以得出结论，在没有管弦乐队的舞台上进行测量会导致显著差异。本文提出了一种使用真实管弦乐队进行“对音乐家友好”的舞台声学测量的实用方法。
