Sailor Kurt A, Schinder Alejandro F, Lledo Pierre-Marie
Laboratory for Perception and Memory, Pasteur Institute, F-75015 Paris, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité de Recherche Associée (UMR3571), F-75015 Paris, France.
Laboratory of Neuronal Plasticity, Leloir Institute (IIBBA - CONICET), Av. Patricias Argentinas 435, Buenos Aires C1405BWE, Argentina.
Curr Opin Neurobiol. 2017 Feb;42:111-117. doi: 10.1016/j.conb.2016.12.001. Epub 2016 Dec 29.
Adult neurogenesis emerges as a tremendous form of plasticity with the continuous addition and loss of neurons in the adult brain. It is unclear how preexisting adult circuits generated during development are capable of modifying existing connections to accommodate the thousands of new synapses formed and exchanged each day. Here we first make parallels with sensory deprivation studies and its ability to induce preexisting non-neurogenic adult circuits to undergo massive reorganization. We then review recent studies that show high structural and synaptic plasticity in circuits directly connected to adult-born neurons. Finally, we propose future directions in the field to decipher how host circuits can accommodate new neuron integration and to determine the impact of adult neurogenesis on global brain plasticity.
成体神经发生作为一种巨大的可塑性形式出现，成年大脑中神经元不断产生和丢失。尚不清楚发育过程中形成的既有成年神经回路如何能够修改现有连接，以适应每天形成和交换的数千个新突触。在这里，我们首先将其与感觉剥夺研究及其诱导既有非神经源性成年神经回路进行大规模重组的能力进行类比。然后，我们回顾了最近的研究，这些研究表明直接与成年新生神经元相连的神经回路具有高度的结构和突触可塑性。最后，我们提出该领域未来的研究方向，以解读宿主神经回路如何能够适应新神经元的整合，并确定成体神经发生对整体大脑可塑性的影响。
