Veiga-Gil L, Pueyo J, López-Olaondo L
Servicio de Anestesiología, Reanimación y Terapia del Dolor, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, Pamplona, Navarra, España.
Departamento de Anestesiología y Cuidados Intensivos, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Navarra, España.
Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim. 2017 Apr;64(4):223-232. doi: 10.1016/j.redar.2016.10.001. Epub 2016 Dec 29.
Recognising the importance of the prevention and early treatment of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is essential to avoid postoperative complications, improve patient satisfaction and enable the development of major outpatient surgery and fast-track surgery. The topic of PONV might seem to have become stagnant, but we are moving forward. New concepts and problems like post-discharge nausea and vomiting, new risk factors and new drugs are appearing. However, there continue to be mistaken notions about PONV, such as the association between PONV and post-anaesthesia care unit stays, or assuming that it is a risk factore characteristic of the patient, anaesthesia or surgery when it is not. Perhaps, now is the moment to tackle PONV in a different manner, implementing guidelines and going for more aggressive prophylaxis in some groups of patients. We present an extensive review of this topic.
认识到预防和早期治疗术后恶心呕吐（PONV）的重要性对于避免术后并发症、提高患者满意度以及推动大型门诊手术和快速康复手术的发展至关重要。PONV这一话题看似已陷入停滞，但我们仍在前进。诸如出院后恶心呕吐等新的概念和问题、新的风险因素以及新药不断出现。然而，对于PONV仍存在一些误解，比如将PONV与麻醉后监护病房停留时间联系起来，或者在并非如此的情况下，认为它是患者、麻醉或手术的一个风险因素特征。或许，现在是时候以不同方式应对PONV了，实施相关指南，并对某些患者群体采取更积极的预防措施。我们对该主题进行了全面综述。
