Kurasch Alena K, Hahn Volker, Leiser Willmar L, Vollmann Johann, Schori Arnold, Bétrix Claude-Alain, Mayr Bernhard, Winkler Johanna, Mechtler Klemens, Aper Jonas, Sudaric Aleksandra, Pejic Ivan, Sarcevic Hrvoje, Jeanson Patrice, Balko Christiane, Signor Marco, Miceli Fabiano, Strijk Peter, Rietman Hendrik, Muresanu Eugen, Djordjevic Vuk, Pospišil Ana, Barion Giuseppe, Weigold Peter, Streng Stefan, Krön Matthias, Würschum Tobias
State Plant Breeding Institute, University of Hohenheim, 70593, Stuttgart, Germany.
Department of Crop Sciences, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU), 3430, Tulln an der Donau, Austria.
Plant Cell Environ. 2017 May;40(5):765-778. doi: 10.1111/pce.12896. Epub 2017 Feb 18.
Soybean cultivation holds great potential for a sustainable agriculture in Europe, but adaptation remains a central issue. In this large mega-environment (MEV) study, 75 European cultivars from five early maturity groups (MGs 000-II) were evaluated for maturity-related traits at 22 locations in 10 countries across Europe. Clustering of the locations based on phenotypic similarity revealed six MEVs in latitudinal direction and suggested several more. Analysis of maturity identified several groups of cultivars with phenotypic similarity that are optimally adapted to the different growing regions in Europe. We identified several haplotypes for the allelic variants at the E1, E2, E3 and E4 genes, with each E haplotype comprising cultivars from different MGs. Cultivars with the same E haplotype can exhibit different flowering and maturity characteristics, suggesting that the genetic control of these traits is more complex and that adaptation involves additional genetic pathways, for example temperature requirement. Taken together, our study allowed the first unified assessment of soybean-growing regions in Europe and illustrates the strong effect of photoperiod on soybean adaptation and MEV classification, as well as the effects of the E maturity loci for soybean adaptation in Europe.
大豆种植在欧洲可持续农业中具有巨大潜力，但适应性仍是核心问题。在这项大型超级环境（MEV）研究中，对来自五个早熟组（000-II组）的75个欧洲品种在欧洲10个国家的22个地点进行了与成熟相关性状的评估。基于表型相似性对地点进行聚类，在纬度方向上揭示了六个MEV，并暗示还有更多。对成熟度的分析确定了几组具有表型相似性的品种，它们能最佳地适应欧洲不同的种植区域。我们鉴定了E1、E2、E3和E4基因等位变异的几个单倍型，每个E单倍型包含来自不同MG的品种。具有相同E单倍型的品种可能表现出不同的开花和成熟特性，这表明这些性状的遗传控制更为复杂，且适应性涉及其他遗传途径，例如温度需求。总之，我们的研究首次对欧洲大豆种植区域进行了统一评估，并阐明了光周期对大豆适应性和MEV分类的强烈影响，以及E成熟位点对欧洲大豆适应性的影响。
