Li Jicun, Wang Xiaobo, Song Wenwen, Huang Xinyang, Zhou Jing, Zeng Haiyan, Sun Shi, Jia Hongchang, Li Wenbin, Zhou Xinan, Li Suzhen, Chen Pengyin, Wu Cunxiang, Guo Yong, Han Tianfu, Qiu Lijuan
MOA Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology (Beijing), Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.
Jining Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jining, Shandong, China.
PLoS One. 2017 Feb 16;12(2):e0172106. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0172106. eCollection 2017.
The mini core collection (MCC) has been established by streamlining core collection (CC) chosen from China National Genebank including 23,587 soybean (Glycine max) accessions by morphological traits and simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. Few studies have been focused on the maturity that has been considered as one of the most critical traits for the determination of the adaptation-growing region of the soybean. In the current study, two hundred and ninty-nine accessions of MCC planted for two years at four locations namely in Heihe, Harbin, Jining and Wuhan cities in China were used to assess the variation of maturity in MCC and identify the integrated effect of 4 E loci on flowering and maturity time in soybean. Forty-two North American varieties served as references of maturity groups (MG). Each accession in MCC was classified by comparing with the MG references in the days from VE (emergence) and physiological maturity (R7). The results showed that MCC covered a large range of MGs from MG000 to MGIX/X. Original locations and sowing types were revealed as the major affecting factors for maturity groups of the MCC accessions. The ratio of the reproductive period to the vegetative period (R/V) varied among MCC accessions. Genotyping of 4 maturity genes (i.e. E1, E2, E3 and E4) in 228 accessions indicated that recessive alleles e1, e2, e3 and e4 promoted earlier flowering and shortened the maturity time with different effects, while the dominate alleles were always detected in accessions with longer maturity. The allelic combinations determined the diversification of soybean maturity groups and adaptation to different regions. Our results indicated that the maturity of Chinese soybean MCC showed genetic diversities in phenotype and genotype, which provided information for further MG classification, geographic adaptation analysis of Chinese soybean cultivars, as well as developing new soybean varieties with adaptation to specific regions.
通过从中国国家基因库中选取的核心种质（CC）进行精简，构建了微型核心种质（MCC），其中包括23587份大豆（Glycine max）种质，依据形态性状和简单序列重复（SSR）标记选取。很少有研究关注成熟度，而成熟度被认为是确定大豆适应生长区域的最关键性状之一。在本研究中，选取了MCC中的299份种质，在中国的黑河、哈尔滨、济宁和武汉四个地点种植两年，以评估MCC中成熟度的变异情况，并确定4个E基因座对大豆开花和成熟时间的综合影响。42个北美品种作为成熟组（MG）的参考。通过比较MCC中每个种质从出苗（VE）到生理成熟（R7）的天数与MG参考品种，对MCC中的每个种质进行分类。结果表明，MCC涵盖了从MG000到MGIX/X的大范围MG。原始地点和播种类型被揭示为影响MCC种质成熟组的主要因素。MCC种质间生殖期与营养期的比例（R/V）各不相同。对228份种质中4个成熟基因（即E1、E2、E3和E4）进行基因分型表明，隐性等位基因e1、e2、e3和e4以不同效应促进早花并缩短成熟时间，而在成熟时间较长的种质中总是检测到显性等位基因。等位基因组合决定了大豆成熟组的多样性以及对不同区域的适应性。我们的结果表明，中国大豆MCC的成熟度在表型和基因型上表现出遗传多样性，这为进一步的MG分类、中国大豆品种的地理适应性分析以及培育适应特定区域的新大豆品种提供了信息。
