Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Global Health, and Technology (INSiGHT), USA; Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, USA.
Sibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, USA.
Curr Opin Biotechnol. 2017 Apr;44:103-108. doi: 10.1016/j.copbio.2016.12.001. Epub 2016 Dec 30.
Precision nutrition encompasses prevention and treatment strategies for optimizing health that consider individual variability in diet, lifestyle, environment and genes by accurately determining an individual's nutritional status. This is particularly important as malnutrition now affects a third of the global population, with most of those affected or their care providers having limited means of determining their nutritional status. Similarly, program implementers often have no way of determining the impact or success of their interventions, thus hindering their scale-up. Exciting new developments in the area of point-of-care diagnostics promise to provide improved access to nutritional status assessment, as a first step towards enabling precision nutrition and tailored interventions at both the individual and community levels. In this review, we focus on the current advances in developing portable diagnostics for assessment of nutritional status at point-of-care, along with the numerous design challenges in this process and potential solutions.
精准营养涵盖了预防和治疗策略，旨在通过准确确定个体的营养状况，考虑饮食、生活方式、环境和基因的个体差异，优化健康。这一点尤为重要，因为目前全球有三分之一的人口受到营养不良的影响，其中大多数受影响者或其护理人员都没有办法确定其营养状况。同样，项目执行者通常也无法确定其干预措施的影响或成功，从而阻碍了其推广。在即时诊断领域的令人兴奋的新发展有望为营养状况评估提供更好的机会，作为在个人和社区层面实现精准营养和量身定制干预措施的第一步。在这篇综述中，我们重点介绍了目前在即时诊断领域开发便携式诊断设备以评估营养状况方面的进展，以及这一过程中面临的众多设计挑战和潜在解决方案。
