Lu X Y, Dai J M, Wu N, Shu C, Gao J L, Fu H
School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi. 2016 Oct 20;34(10):731-736. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1001-9391.2016.10.003.
To investigate understand the current status of the sense of coherence and occupational stress in modern service workers, and to analyze the association between occupational stress and the sense of coherence. From March to April, 2016, 834 modern service workers from 3 companies in Shanghai, China (in air transportation industry, marketing industry, and travel industry) were surveyed by non-ran-dom sampling. The self-completion questionnaires were filled out anonymously given the informed consent of the workers. The occupational stress questionnaire was used to evaluate occupational stress, and the Chinese version of the Sense of Coherence Scale (SOC-13) was used to assess the mental health. The mean score for the sense of coherence of the respondents was 61.54±10.46, and 50.1% of them were self-rated as having occupational stress. There were significant differences in SOC score between groups with different ages, marital status, positions, lengths of service, family per capita monthly income, and weekly work hours (<0.05). The occupational stress score differed significantly across groups with different marital status, lengths of service, and weekly work hours (<0.05). The scores for working autonomy, social support, and occupational stress differed significantly between groups with different SOC levels (0.05). There were significant differences in SOC score and the distribution of low-SOC respondents between groups with different levels of working autonomy, social support, and occupational stress. High SOC is a protective factor for occupational stress (=0.39, 95% 0.26~ 0.59). Modern service workers in Shanghai have high SOC and moderate occupational stress. Therefore, improving SOC may reduce occupational stress.
为了解现代服务业工作者的心理一致感和职业压力现状，并分析职业压力与心理一致感之间的关联。2016年3月至4月，采用非随机抽样方法，对中国上海3家公司（航空运输业、营销业和旅游业）的834名现代服务业工作者进行了调查。在获得工作者知情同意后，由他们匿名填写自填式问卷。采用职业压力问卷评估职业压力，并用中文版心理一致感量表（SOC-13）评估心理健康状况。受访者心理一致感的平均得分为61.54±10.46，其中50.1%的人自评有职业压力。不同年龄、婚姻状况、职位、工作年限、家庭人均月收入和每周工作时长的组间，心理一致感得分存在显著差异（<0.05）。不同婚姻状况、工作年限和每周工作时长的组间，职业压力得分差异显著（<0.05）。不同心理一致感水平的组间，工作自主性、社会支持和职业压力得分差异显著（0.05）。不同工作自主性、社会支持和职业压力水平的组间，心理一致感得分及低心理一致感受访者的分布存在显著差异。高心理一致感是职业压力的保护因素（=0.39，95% 0.26~0.59）。上海现代服务业工作者心理一致感较高，职业压力处于中等水平。因此，提高心理一致感可能会减轻职业压力。
