Maida Karina Delgado, Gastaldi Ada Clarice, de Paula Facioli Tabata, de Araújo João Eduardo, de Souza Hugo Celso Dutra
Exercise Physiology Laboratory, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
Exercise Physiology Laboratory, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
Auton Neurosci. 2017 Mar;203:33-40. doi: 10.1016/j.autneu.2016.12.002. Epub 2016 Dec 24.
We investigated the cardiovascular autonomic effects of physical training associated with Enalapril or Losartan pharmacological treatments in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR).
SHRs, 18weeks of age (N=48) was assigned to either sedentary (N=24) and trained (N=24; aerobic training by swimming for 10wk). Each group was subdivided in 3 subgroups (N=8) vehicle (control); Enalapril (10mg·kg·d); and Losartan (5mg·kg·d). All animals received a 10-week treatment in drinking water. In the last week of the treatments, the animals had their femoral artery and vein cannulated for blood pressure recording and drug injection, respectively. The autonomic assessment was performed by means of different approaches: double cardiac autonomic block with atropine and propranolol, spectral analysis of heart rate variability (HRV) and systolic arterial pressure (SAPV) and assessment of baroreflex sensitivity (BRS).
The groups treated with Enalapril, sedentary and trained, showed more significant decrease in blood pressure when compared to the other groups. Autonomic evaluation showed that the sedentary group treated with Enalapril or Losartan had similar results, characterized by decreased effect of sympathetic tone and/or increased effect of cardiac vagal tone associated with improved BRS. Isolated physical training attenuated only the effect of sympathetic tone. The association of physical training with Enalapril showed the best results, characterized by the predominance of vagal tone in cardiac autonomic balance, increased HRV, reduced SAPV and increased BRS.
Enalapril and Losartan promoted similar beneficial cardiovascular autonomic effects in sedentary animals, while only the association of physical training with Enalapril potentiated these effects.
我们研究了依那普利或氯沙坦药物治疗联合体育锻炼对自发性高血压大鼠（SHR）心血管自主神经的影响。
选取18周龄的SHR（N = 48），分为久坐组（N = 24）和训练组（N = 24；通过游泳进行有氧训练10周）。每组再细分为3个亚组（N = 8）：载体组（对照组）；依那普利组（10mg·kg·d）；氯沙坦组（5mg·kg·d）。所有动物在饮用水中接受为期10周的治疗。在治疗的最后一周，分别对动物的股动脉和静脉进行插管，用于记录血压和注射药物。通过不同方法进行自主神经评估：用阿托品和普萘洛尔进行双重心脏自主神经阻滞、心率变异性（HRV）和收缩期动脉压（SAPV）的频谱分析以及压力反射敏感性（BRS）评估。
与其他组相比，接受依那普利治疗的久坐组和训练组血压下降更为显著。自主神经评估显示，接受依那普利或氯沙坦治疗的久坐组结果相似，其特征是交感神经张力作用降低和/或心脏迷走神经张力作用增强，同时BRS改善。单独的体育锻炼仅减弱了交感神经张力的作用。体育锻炼与依那普利联合使用显示出最佳效果，其特征是心脏自主神经平衡中迷走神经张力占优势、HRV增加、SAPV降低和BRS增加。
依那普利和氯沙坦对久坐动物的心血管自主神经产生相似的有益作用，而只有体育锻炼与依那普利联合使用能增强这些作用。
