Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
Auton Neurosci. 2015 Dec;193:97-103. doi: 10.1016/j.autneu.2015.09.002. Epub 2015 Oct 21.
Hypertension is often accompanied by autonomic dysfunction, which is detrimental to cardiac regulation. On the other hand, cholinergic stimulation through inhibition of acetylcholinesterase appears to have beneficial effects on cardiac autonomic control. Thus, our objective was to investigate the effects of chronic cholinergic stimulation on hemodynamic and cardiovascular autonomic control parameters in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). For this, 26-week-old SHR (N = 32) and Wistar Kyoto rats (WK; N = 32) were divided into two groups: one treated with vehicle (H2O; N = 16) and the other treated with pyridostigmine bromide (PYR; N = 16) in drinking water (25 mg/kg/day) for 2 weeks. All groups were subjected to recording of arterial pressure (AP) and heart rate (HR), quantification of ejection fraction (EF), evaluation of cardiac tonic autonomic balance by means of double autonomic blockade with methylatropine and propranolol, analysis of systolic AP (SAP) and HR variability (HRV), and evaluation of baroreflex sensitivity (BRS). AP, HR, and EF were reduced in the SHR-PYR group compared with the SHR-H2O group. Evaluation of autonomic parameters revealed an increase in vagal tone participation in cardiac tonic autonomic balance and reduced SAP variability; however, no changes were observed in HRV or BRS. These results suggest that chronic cholinergic stimulation with pyridostigmine bromide promotes reduction in the hemodynamic parameters AP, HR, and EF. Additionally, tonic autonomic balance was improved and a reduction in LF oscillations of SAP variability was observed that could not be attributed to BRS, as the latter did not change. Further studies should be conducted to identify the mechanisms involved in the observed responses.
高血压常伴有自主神经功能障碍，这对心脏调节有害。另一方面，通过抑制乙酰胆碱酯酶的胆碱能刺激似乎对心脏自主控制有有益的影响。因此，我们的目的是研究慢性胆碱能刺激对自发性高血压大鼠（SHR）血流动力学和心血管自主控制参数的影响。为此，将 26 周龄的 SHR（N=32）和 Wistar Kyoto 大鼠（WK；N=32）分为两组：一组用载体（H2O；N=16）治疗，另一组用溴化吡啶斯的明（PYR；N=16）在饮用水中（25mg/kg/天）治疗 2 周。所有组均进行动脉压（AP）和心率（HR）记录、射血分数（EF）量化、用甲基阿托品和普萘洛尔双重自主神经阻断评估心脏紧张性自主平衡、分析收缩压（SAP）和心率变异性（HRV）以及评估血压反射敏感性（BRS）。与 SHR-H2O 组相比，SHR-PYR 组的 AP、HR 和 EF 降低。自主神经参数评估显示迷走神经张力参与心脏紧张性自主平衡增加，SAP 变异性降低；然而，HRV 或 BRS 没有变化。这些结果表明，溴化吡啶斯的明的慢性胆碱能刺激促进了血流动力学参数 AP、HR 和 EF 的降低。此外，紧张性自主平衡得到改善，SAP 变异性的 LF 振荡减少，但不能归因于 BRS，因为后者没有变化。应进行进一步的研究以确定所观察到的反应涉及的机制。
