Tjernsbekk M T, Tauson A-H, Kraugerud O F, Ahlstrøm Ø
Department of Animal and Aquacultural Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Biosciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway.
Department of Large Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, Denmark.
J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl). 2017 Oct;101(5):e323-e331. doi: 10.1111/jpn.12608. Epub 2017 Jan 3.
Protein quality was evaluated for mechanically separated chicken meat (MSC) and salmon protein hydrolysate (SPH), and for extruded dog foods where MSC or SPH partially replaced poultry meal (PM). Apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of crude protein (CP) and amino acids (AA) in the protein ingredients and extruded foods was determined with mink (Neovison vison). The extruded dog foods included a control diet with protein from PM and grain, and two diets where MSC or SPH provided 25% of the dietary CP. Nutrient composition of the protein ingredients varied, dry matter (DM) was 944.0, 358.0 and 597.4 g/kg, CP was 670.7, 421.2 and 868.9 g/kg DM, crude fat was 141.4, 547.8 and 18.5 g/kg DM and ash was 126.4, 32.1 and 107.0 g/kg DM for PM, MSC and SPH respectively. The content of essential AA (g/100 g CP) was more than 10.0 percentage units lower in SPH than in PM and MSC. The ATTD of CP differed (p < 0.001) between protein ingredients and was 80.9%, 88.2% and 91.3% for PM, MSC and SPH respectively. The ATTD of total AA was lowest (p < 0.001) for PM, and similar (p > 0.05) for MSC and SPH. In the extruded diets, the expected higher ATTD of CP and AA from replacement of PM with MSC or SPH was not observed. The ATTD of CP was determined to be 80.3%, 81.3% and 79.0% for the PM, MSC and SPH extruded foods respectively. Furthermore, the ATTD of several AA was numerically highest for the PM diet. Possibly, extrusion affected ATTD of the diets differently due to different properties and previous processing of the three protein ingredients.
对机械分离鸡肉（MSC）和鲑鱼蛋白水解物（SPH）以及用MSC或SPH部分替代禽肉粉（PM）的挤压型狗粮的蛋白质质量进行了评估。用貂（Neovison vison）测定了蛋白质成分和挤压型食品中粗蛋白（CP）和氨基酸（AA）的表观全肠道消化率（ATTD）。挤压型狗粮包括一种以禽肉粉和谷物为蛋白质来源的对照日粮，以及两种日粮，其中MSC或SPH提供日粮CP的25%。蛋白质成分的营养成分各不相同，禽肉粉、MSC和SPH的干物质（DM）分别为944.0、358.0和597.4 g/kg，CP分别为670.7、421.2和868.9 g/kg DM，粗脂肪分别为141.4、547.8和18.5 g/kg DM，灰分分别为126.4、32.1和107.0 g/kg DM。与禽肉粉和MSC相比，SPH中必需氨基酸的含量（g/100 g CP）低10.0多个百分点。CP的ATTD在蛋白质成分之间存在差异（p < 0.001），禽肉粉、MSC和SPH的ATTD分别为80.9%、88.2%和91.3%。总氨基酸的ATTD在禽肉粉中最低（p < 0.001），在MSC和SPH中相似（p > 0.05）。在挤压型日粮中，未观察到用MSC或SPH替代禽肉粉后CP和氨基酸的ATTD会如预期般升高。对于禽肉粉、MSC和SPH挤压型食品，CP的ATTD分别测定为80.3%、81.3%和79.0%。此外，几种氨基酸的ATTD在禽肉粉日粮中在数值上最高。可能是由于三种蛋白质成分的不同特性和先前的加工过程，挤压对日粮ATTD的影响有所不同。
