Harris Justin A, Andrew Benjamin J
School of Psychology.
J Exp Psychol Anim Learn Cogn. 2017 Jan;43(1):15-29. doi: 10.1037/xan0000125.
Four experiments investigated the effect of number of trials and total duration of nonreinforced exposure to the conditioned stimulus (CS) on extinction of Pavlovian conditioning. Rats were first trained in a magazine approach paradigm with multiple CSs, each paired with the unconditioned stimulus (US) on a variable CS-US interval. During subsequent extinction, CSs would differ in the number and length of their extinction trials but would be matched for the total duration of exposure (e.g., 1 CS would have 20 trials per session with a mean length of 5 s; another CS would have 5 trials per session with a mean length of 20 s). In each case, extinction proceeded more quickly for the CS given more trials per session. Indeed, there was no difference in rate of extinction between CSs that were matched on number of trials but differed on the duration of each trial, indicating that duration of exposure has no effect on extinction. We discuss the implications of these findings for trial-based and time-based theories of conditioning. (PsycINFO Database Record
四项实验研究了试验次数以及对条件刺激（CS）非强化暴露的总时长对巴甫洛夫条件反射消退的影响。大鼠首先在一个具备多个CS的食物趋近范式中接受训练，每个CS与无条件刺激（US）在可变的CS-US间隔下配对。在随后的消退过程中，CS在消退试验的次数和时长上会有所不同，但暴露的总时长会保持一致（例如，一个CS每次训练有20次试验，平均时长为5秒；另一个CS每次训练有5次试验，平均时长为20秒）。在每种情况下，每次训练试验次数更多的CS消退得更快。实际上，在试验次数匹配但每次试验时长不同的CS之间，消退速率没有差异，这表明暴露时长对消退没有影响。我们讨论了这些发现对基于试验和基于时间的条件反射理论的启示。（PsycINFO数据库记录）
