Gialeraki Argyri, Valsami Serena, Pittaras Theodoros, Panayiotakopoulos George, Politou Marianna
1 Hematology Laboratory - Blood Bank, ATTIKON Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
2 Hematology Laboratory - Blood Bank, ARETAIEION Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
Clin Appl Thromb Hemost. 2018 Mar;24(2):217-225. doi: 10.1177/1076029616683802. Epub 2017 Jan 4.
Estrogen-containing medication, prescribed either for contraception in women of reproductive age or for prevention of cardiovascular events and osteoporosis as well as for alleviation of symptoms related to menopause, is associated with changes in the hemostatic balance and contributes to increased risk of development of venous thromboembolic complications. This risk is dose and medication dependent, increases with age, congenital and/or acquired predisposition to thrombosis, and mode of administration. This review attempts to summarize the current knowledge regarding the pathophysiology of oral contraceptive (OC) and hormone replacement therapy (HRT) -induced prothrombotic state in women, the risk of thrombosis associated with administration of various commercially available OCs and HRT, the additional risk in women with hereditary or acquired thrombophilia, and the currently available recommendations regarding massive screening of women for thrombophilia prior to initial prescription or continuation of treatment with OCs and HRT preparations.
含雌激素药物，无论是用于育龄女性避孕，还是预防心血管事件和骨质疏松，以及缓解与更年期相关的症状，都与止血平衡的改变有关，并会增加静脉血栓栓塞并发症的发生风险。这种风险取决于剂量和药物，会随着年龄、先天性和/或后天性血栓形成易感性以及给药方式的增加而升高。本综述试图总结目前关于口服避孕药（OC）和激素替代疗法（HRT）诱导女性血栓前状态的病理生理学、与各种市售OC和HRT给药相关的血栓形成风险、遗传性或获得性血栓形成倾向女性的额外风险，以及目前关于在初次处方或继续使用OC和HRT制剂治疗前对女性进行大规模血栓形成倾向筛查的可用建议。
