Polo-Oteyza Ernestina, Ancira-Moreno Mónica, Rosel-Pech Cecilia, Sánchez-Mendoza María Teresa, Salinas-Martínez Vicente, Vadillo-Ortega Felipe
E. Polo-Oteyza is with the Fondo Nestlé para la Nutrición, Fundación Mexicana para la Salud, Mexico City, Mexico. M. Ancira-Moreno, C. Rosel-Pech, and F. Vadillo-Ortega are with the Unidad de Vinculación de la Facultad de Medicina, UNAM en el Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Mexico City, Mexico. M. Teresa Sánchez-Mendoza is with the Subdirección Regional de Educación Básica Metepec, Secretaría de Educación, Gobierno del Estado de Mexico, Metepec, Mexico. V. Salinas-Martínez is with the Hospital Materno Perinatal Mónica Pretelini, Toluca, Estado de Mexico, Mexico.
Nutr Rev. 2017 Jan;75(suppl 1):70-78. doi: 10.1093/nutrit/nuw047.
Physical activity is an important component of strategies for health promotion and prevention of noncommunicable diseases. It is also associated with decreased risk for cardiovascular disease in overweight and obese adults and children. This article addresses the initial description of a physical activity intervention for children attending public elementary schools in Mexico. The objective was to develop a replicable model based on a strategic public, private, academic, and social partnership that would have a short-term impact on the metabolic health of children and be useful for building effective public policy. Forty-nine schools (20 000 students) participated, and 5 schools were selected for evaluation. The intervention included a 30-minute supervised middle-effort interchangeable routine, 5 days a week for a complete school year, adapted for different school conditions and students of different ages. Evaluation included anthropometric measurements and biochemical markers. Actual prevalence of combined overweight and obesity in these children was 31.9%. The intervention was successfully implemented in all schools. No change in body mass index, waist circumference, or other anthropometric indicators was found. However, changes in biochemical markers showed a significant decrease in blood glucose, total cholesterol, and cholesterol-low-density lipoproteins, reflecting a positive effect on cardiovascular health indicators.
体育活动是促进健康和预防非传染性疾病策略的重要组成部分。它还与超重和肥胖的成人及儿童患心血管疾病风险的降低有关。本文阐述了针对墨西哥公立小学儿童的一项体育活动干预措施的初步情况。目标是基于战略公共、私人、学术和社会伙伴关系开发一个可复制的模式,该模式将对儿童的代谢健康产生短期影响,并有助于制定有效的公共政策。49所学校(20000名学生)参与其中,5所学校被选定进行评估。干预措施包括每周5天、每天30分钟的有监督的中等强度可互换日常活动,持续一整个学年,并针对不同的学校条件和不同年龄段的学生进行了调整。评估包括人体测量和生化指标。这些儿童中超重和肥胖合并症的实际患病率为31.9%。干预措施在所有学校都成功实施。未发现体重指数、腰围或其他人体测量指标有变化。然而,生化指标的变化显示血糖、总胆固醇和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇显著降低,这反映出对心血管健康指标有积极影响。