Sivakumar Vivek, Jain Jithesh, Haridas Reshmi, Paliayal Shanavas, Rodrigues Sheela, Jose Merrin
Assistant Professor, Department of Public Health Dentistry, Government Dental College , Alappuzha, Kerela, India .
Professor, Department of Public Health Dentistry, Coorg Institute of Dental Sciences , Virajpet, Karnataka, India .
J Clin Diagn Res. 2016 Nov;10(11):ZC29-ZC33. doi: 10.7860/JCDR/2016/22853.8887. Epub 2016 Nov 1.
India has seen a large influx of refugee populations throughout history and the Tibetan immigration is one among them. Understanding the health status and needs of immigrants is imperative because of their growing numbers and their input to the health of the nation. The oral health professionals face many challenges while confronting refugees and immigrants from cultures different from their own. Earlier studies have shown that children, especially refugees and immigrants have had a higher prevalence of unmet oral health needs.
The purpose of this study was to assess and compare the oral health status of 11-13 year old Tibetan and non-Tibetan school children in Bylakuppe, Karnataka, India.
A stratified cluster sampling of 11-13 year old Tibetan and non-Tibetan school children (431 and 434 respectively) formed the study participants for this study. Assessment of dental caries, periodontal disease and malocclusion was done in accordance with criteria laid down by WHO in oral health assessment survey basic methods, 1997. Data was collected by a single trained examiner. The results obtained were analyzed by SPSS version 18. The data was statistically analyzed by using chi-square test and independent t test. The level of significance was set at 5%.
The prevalence of caries was found to be higher among the Tibetan school children when compared to the non-Tibetan school children (71% and 53.9% respectively). The mean number of sextants with healthy gingiva (2.49±2.40) and calculus (1.63±2.28) was higher among the non-Tibetan school children. The mean Dental Aesthetic Index score was found to be higher for Tibetan school children than the non-Tibetan school children (26.57±4.62 and 23.52±4.36 respectively).
The prevalence of caries, periodontal disease and malocclusion were found to be higher among immigrant Tibetan school children as when compared to non-Tibetan school children. The high level of unmet needs in the study population highlights the need for a comprehensive dental care programme in Bylakuppe.
纵观历史，印度曾迎来大量难民涌入，西藏移民便是其中之一。鉴于移民数量不断增加且对国家健康状况有一定影响，了解移民的健康状况和需求势在必行。口腔健康专业人员在面对来自不同文化背景的难民和移民时面临诸多挑战。早期研究表明，儿童，尤其是难民和移民，未满足的口腔健康需求患病率较高。
本研究旨在评估并比较印度卡纳塔克邦拜拉库佩地区11至13岁藏族和非藏族学童的口腔健康状况。
采用分层整群抽样法，选取11至13岁的藏族和非藏族学童（分别为431名和434名）作为本研究的参与者。根据世界卫生组织1997年《口腔健康评估调查基本方法》规定的标准，对龋齿、牙周疾病和错颌畸形进行评估。由一名经过培训的检查人员收集数据。所得结果采用SPSS 18版进行分析。数据采用卡方检验和独立样本t检验进行统计学分析。显著性水平设定为5%。
与非藏族学童相比，藏族学童的龋齿患病率更高（分别为71%和53.9%）。非藏族学童牙龈健康的牙面区段平均数（2.49±2.40）和牙结石牙面区段平均数（1.63±2.28）更高。藏族学童的牙齿美学指数平均分高于非藏族学童（分别为26.57±4.62和23.52±4.36）。
与非藏族学童相比，藏族移民学童的龋齿、牙周疾病和错颌畸形患病率更高。研究人群中未满足需求的高比例凸显了拜拉库佩地区开展全面口腔护理项目的必要性。
