Gurrusquieta Brenda Jaime, Núñez Victor Manuel Mendoza, López María Lilia Adriana Juárez
J Clin Pediatr Dent. 2017;41(1):18-21. doi: 10.17796/1053-4628-41.1.18.
To determine the prevalence of and factors associated with molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH) in schoolchildren aged 6-12 years.
This study included 1156 schoolchildren aged 6-12 years, living in Mexico City. A previously standardised examiner (k = 0.79) applied the diagnostic criteria for MIH from the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry. Children's parents completed a questionnaire about medical conditions in the perinatal period and the first 3 years of their children's lives. Descriptive measures were examined, multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed, and odds ratios (ORs) were calculated.
The subjects were 582 (50.4%) females and 574 (49.6%) males, with an average age of 8.4 ± 1.6 years. The prevalence of MIH was 15.8%, and this condition was more prevalent in children aged 9-12 years than in those aged 6-8 years (18% vs. 13.7%, p < 0.05). Risk factors for MIH were low birth weight (OR = 1.905, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.130-3.211, p = 0.014), urinary tract infection (OR = 4.841, 95% CI 2.863-8.186, p = 0.001), chickenpox (OR = 1.826, 95% CI 1.196-2.786, p = 0.005), and history of allergies (OR = 4.370, 95% CI 2.538-7.523, p < 0.001).
The prevalence of MIH in a group of Mexican schoolchildren was 15.8%. Medical conditions in the first years of life were more prevalent in children affected by MIH.
确定6至12岁学童中磨牙切牙矿化不全（MIH）的患病率及其相关因素。
本研究纳入了居住在墨西哥城的1156名6至12岁的学童。一名先前经过标准化培训的检查者（k = 0.79）采用了欧洲儿童牙科学会的MIH诊断标准。儿童的父母完成了一份关于围产期及儿童生命最初3年健康状况的问卷。进行了描述性分析，开展了多因素逻辑回归分析，并计算了比值比（OR）。
受试者中女性582名（50.4%），男性574名（49.6%），平均年龄为8.4±1.6岁。MIH的患病率为15.8%，该情况在9至12岁儿童中比在6至8岁儿童中更普遍（18%对13.7%，p<0.05）。MIH的危险因素包括低出生体重（OR = 1.905，95%置信区间[CI] 1.130 - 3.211，p = 0.014）、尿路感染（OR = 4.841，95% CI 2.863 - 8.186，p = 0.001）、水痘（OR = 1.826，95% CI 1.196 - 2.786，p = 0.005）以及过敏史（OR = 4.370，95% CI 2.538 - 7.523，p<0.001）。
一组墨西哥学童中MIH的患病率为15.8%。受MIH影响的儿童在生命最初几年的健康问题更为普遍。
